Progress 07/01/14 to 06/30/19
Outputs
Target Audience:Research findings from these studies are disseminated to potato growers, storage managers, scientists, extension personnel and others related to the potato industry. In particular, findings from the irradiation research were directed at national policy makers to aid in export negotiations. These audiences are reached using various formats: presentations at the local, regional, national and international levels, workshops, trade journal articles, proceedings articles, journal articles, abstracts, extension publications, website updates and one-on-one visitations. Input was sought from the University of Idaho Potato and Agronomy Advisory Committee. This committee is comprised of industry representatives and growers from Idaho. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?
Nothing Reported
How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Research findings from these studies were disseminated to potato growers, storage managers, scientists, extension personnel and others related to the potato industry in multiple formats. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Best management practices for long-term storage of commercial potatoes may require the use of sprout inhibitors, most commonly, CIPC (Isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate; chlorpropham). It is widely utilized throughout the United States and globally. In the United States, CIPC is generally applied to bulk potatoes in storage as a thermal aerosol by licensed professional applicators. Monitoring CIPC residue will provide valuable information regarding the chemically induced dormancy of the stored potatoes. In addition, swabbing storage structure surfaces for CIPC residue may indicate the potential risk of CIPC exposure of seed potatoes temporarily housed in the same building. To establish recommendations for residue sampling, replicated studies were conducted in commercial and research storage facilities. Tubers were collected from the top of the bulk pile or 30 cm below in order to identify ease of sampling procedures. Tuber samples were also collected in a zig zag pattern versus collected from one area. In addition, samples consisted of 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 tubers to determine adequate sample size. To evaluate the impact of handling after sampling on CIPC resides, samples were either immediately processed, refrigerated for 2 or 4 weeks, or stored at room temperature. Several different materials and areas within the storage facility were swabbed for CIPC residue before and after cleaning. Results from these various studies were compiled to provide guidance on CIPC sampling and stewardship. Tuber samples obtained from the surface of the pile had greater variability in residue levels compared to samples collect 30 cm below. Using a zig zag tuber collection pattern resulted in lower variability in sample residue values than a single spot collection. Sample size evaluations indicated that a 6-tuber sample was significantly lower in CIPC residue and showed greater residue variability compared to 12, 24, 36 or 48 tuber number samples. Therefore, tuber samples should be collected in a zig zag pattern across the pile and from 30 cm below the top of the pile. Sample size should consist of at least 12 tubers. Results showed a change in residue concentrations over time and temperature prior to processing for CIPC residue indicating samples should be analyzed as soon as possible. Residue levels were variable depending upon the area and material sampled within the storage facility. Areas in the plenum near the CIPC application port generally showed higher residue than the upper catwalk area. Cleaning and disinfecting storages using the procedures recommended on the label reduced residue on treated storage walls by 80-99%. Recommended CIPC residue sampling, cleaning and handling methods for the United States can be established from these studies. Research investigating the use of irradiation on fresh potatoes for export is being summarized for publication. Results indicate the viability of utilizing irradiation for sprout control, reduction in greening but rates needed to Columbia root knot nematode control were detrimental to quality, especially tuber decay. Lower doses rates could be used since mortality and sterility of the nematodes were extremely high, but not 100 percent. In addition, shipping and irradiating 50 lb. cartons of potatoes on pallets was successful and could be accommodated by commercial irradiation companies. Radiation penetration into the center of the box occurred and appeared consistent.
Publications
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Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18
Outputs
Target Audience:Research findings from these studies are disseminated to potato growers, storage managers, scientists, extension personnel and others related to the potato industry. In particular, findings from the irradiation research were directed at national policy makers to aid in export negotiations. These audiences are reached using various formats: presentations at the local, regional, national and international levels, workshops, trade journal articles, proceedings articles, journal articles, abstracts, extension publications, website updates and one-on-one visitations. Input was sought from the University of Idaho Potato and Agronomy Advisory Committee. This committee is comprised of industry representatives and growers from Idaho. Changes/Problems:We are in the final 6 months of the project and transitioning over to another research program on early storage management and fresh pack quality. Loss of personnel focused on this project but emphasis will be made to finalize submission of the journal manuscript. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Attended a national scientific meeting. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Research findings from these studies were disseminated to potato growers, storage managers, scientists, extension personnel and others related to the potato industry in multiple formats. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Finalize publication from the irradiation studies and disseminate as needed. A greater emphasis on early storage management and fresh pack quality will also be made.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
The most common CIPC application is to thermally volatilize the compound and distribute within the bulk pile during the first few months in storage. Sprout control lasts for many months depending upon the rate applied and conditions. This long term sprout control allows for movement of potatoes in the cold chain and retail market with minimal sprout development. The result: quality potatoes can be supplied to various markets in volume to meet demands. Import regulations from some countries require CIPC, or other sprout inhibitor, be applied to potatoes prior to being imported for phytosanitary considerations. This practice prevents commercial potatoes intended strictly for food consumption from being used for seed and becoming a bridge for pest problems. If the likelihood of producing a plant and a harvestable crop is so low, hopefully, that will prevent any intentional or non-intentional planting of CIPC treated potatoes. Providing security that the risk for pest movement is limited in export potatoes will hopefully allow for greater market access. Results from studies looking at both thermal and spray applications of CIPC demonstrated the low risk of producing a viable crop from CIPC treated potatoes in export situations. This data was used by APHIS in negotiations with Mexico, but conversations to expand beyond the limited 26 km border zone included the potential necessity of irradiating all potatoes with high doses. Our research investigating the use of irradiation on fresh potatoes for export is being summarized for publication. Results indicate the viability of utilizing irradiation for sprout control, reduction in greening but rates needed to Columbia root knot nematode control were detrimental to quality, especially tuber decay. Lower doses rates could be used since mortality and sterility of the nematodes were extremely high, but not 100 percent. In addition, shipping and irradiating 50 lb. cartons of potatoes on pallets was successful and could be accommodated by commercial irradiation companies. Radiation penetration into the center of the box occurred and appeared consistent.
Publications
|
Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17
Outputs
Target Audience:Research findings from these studies are disseminated to potato growers, storage managers, scientists, extension personnel and others related to the potato industry. These audiences are reached using various formats: presentations at the local, regional, national and international levels, workshops, trade journal articles, proceedings articles, journal articles, abstracts, extension publications, website updates and one-on-one visitations. Input was sought from the University of Idaho Kimberly Potato Storage Advisory Committee. This committee is comprised of industry representatives and growers from Idaho. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Attended and presented at an international meeting. 20th Triennial Conference of the European Association for Potato Research, Versailles, France, July 9-15, 2017. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Research findings from these studies were disseminated to potato growers, storage managers, scientists, extension personnel and others related to the potato industry in multiple formats. These various means of dissemination included an abstract, two popular press articles, five presentations at international, regional, national and local meetings, website updates and one-on-one visitations. Information was presented to an advisory stakeholder group and input was incorporated into the projects. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Finalize data and publications from the irradiation studies and disseminate as needed. A greater emphasis on early storage management and fresh pack quality will also be made.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Best management practices for long-term storage of commercial potatoes may require the use of sprout inhibitors, most commonly, CIPC (Isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate; chlorpropham). It is widely utilized throughout the United States and globally. In the United States, CIPC is generally applied to bulk potatoes in storage as a thermal aerosol by licensed professional applicators. Monitoring CIPC residue will provide valuable information regarding the chemically induced dormancy of the stored potatoes. In addition, swabbing storage structure surfaces for CIPC residue may indicate the potential risk of CIPC exposure of seed potatoes temporarily housed in the same building. To establish recommendations for residue sampling, replicated studies were conducted in commercial and research storage facilities. Tubers were collected from the top of the bulk pile or 30 cm below in order to identify ease of sampling procedures. Tuber samples were also collected in a zig zag pattern versus collected from one area. In addition, samples consisted of 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 tubers to determine adequate sample size. To evaluate the impact of handling after sampling on CIPC resides, samples were either immediately processed, refrigerated for 2 or 4 weeks, or stored at room temperature. Several different materials and areas within the storage facility were swabbed for CIPC residue before and after cleaning. Results from these various studies were compiled to provide guidance on CIPC sampling and stewardship. Tuber samples obtained from the surface of the pile had greater variability in residue levels compared to samples collect 30 cm below. Using a zig zag tuber collection pattern resulted in lower variability in sample residue values than a single spot collection. Sample size evaluations indicated that a 6-tuber sample was significantly lower in CIPC residue and showed greater residue variability compared to 12, 24, 36 or 48 tuber number samples. Therefore, tuber samples should be collected in a zig zag pattern across the pile and from 30 cm below the top of the pile. Sample size should consist of at least 12 tubers. Results showed a change in residue concentrations over time and temperature prior to processing for CIPC residue indicating samples should be analyzed as soon as possible. Residue levels were variable depending upon the area and material sampled within the storage facility. Areas in the plenum near the CIPC application port generally showed higher residue than the upper catwalk area. Cleaning and disinfecting storages using the procedures recommended on the label reduced residue on treated storage walls by 80-99%. Recommended CIPC residue sampling, cleaning and handling methods for the United States can be established from these studies. The most common CIPC application is to thermally volatilize the compound and distribute within the bulk pile during the first few months in storage. Sprout control lasts for many months depending upon the rate applied and conditions. This long term sprout control allows for movement of potatoes in the cold chain and retail market with minimal sprout development. The result: quality potatoes can be supplied to various markets in volume to meet demands. Import regulations from some countries require CIPC, or other sprout inhibitor, be applied to potatoes prior to being imported for phytosanitary considerations. This practice prevents commercial potatoes intended strictly for food consumption from being used for seed and becoming a bridge for pest problems. If the likelihood of producing a plant and a harvestable crop is so low, hopefully, that will prevent any intentional or non-intentional planting of CIPC treated potatoes. Providing security that the risk for pest movement is limited in export potatoes will hopefully allow for greater market access. Results from studies looking at both thermal and spray applications of CIPC demonstrated the low risk of producing a viable crop from CIPC treated potatoes in export situations. This data was provided both verbally and in written formats to South Korean scientists and government officials in 2017 to aid in negotiations to re-open trade for Northwest fresh potatoes to enter South Korea. In addition, research investigating the use of irradiation on fresh potatoes for export is being summarized for publication. Results indicate the viability of utilizing irradiation for sprout control but rates needed to Columbia root knot nematode control are detrimental to quality.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Olsen, N. and M. Thornton. 2017. The Top 10 List for Potato Quality. Great Idaho Potato Harvest Meeting, Fort Hall, ID, November 14, 2017.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Olsen, N. 2017. Best practices- Pre and post-harvest. Grower/Shipper Potato Export Seminar, Idaho Grower Shippers Association Convention, Sun Valley, ID, August 30, 2017.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Olsen, N. 2017. Protecting Tuber Quality. Southern and East Cost CU Potato Summit. Orlando, FL, February 7, 2017.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Olsen, N. 2017. Best practices- Pre and post-harvest. Grower/Shipper Potato Export Seminar, Pocatello, ID, January 19, 2017.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Olsen, N. and M.J. Frazier. 2017. Summary of best practices for chlorpropham (CIPC) residue sampling of potatoes and storage facilities in the United States. Potato Research
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Olsen, N. Down for a nap: Understanding potato dormancy in potatoes. Potato Grower Magazine 46(12): 46-47. September 2017.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Olsen, N. and MJ Frazier. 2017. A higher standard: cleaning storages for incoming seed. Potato Grower Magazine 46(3): 46-47. March 2017.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Olsen, N. and M.J. Frazier. Summary of best practices for chlorpropham (CIPC) residue sampling of potatoes and storage facilities in the United States. 20th Triennial Conference of the European Association for Potato Research, Versailles, France, July 10, 2017.
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Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16
Outputs
Target Audience:Research findings from these studies are disseminated to potato growers, storage managers, scientists, extension personnel and others related to the potato industry. These audiences are reached using various formats: presentations at the local, regional, national and international levels, workshops, trade journal articles, proceedings articles, journal articles, abstracts, extension publications, website updates and one-on-one visitations. Input was sought from the University of Idaho Kimberly Potato Storage Advisory Committee. This committee is comprised of industry representatives and growers from Idaho. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Attended and presented at three international meetings. Colloque Pomme de Terre, Levis, Quebec, Canada, November 17-18, 2016 100th Annual Potato Association of America Annual Meeting, Grand Rapids, MI, July 31- August 3, 2016. EAPR Post Harvest Section Meeting. Wageningen, the Netherlands, June 29-July 2, 2016. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Initial research findings from these studies were disseminated to potato growers, storage managers, scientists, extension personnel and others related to the potato industry in multiple formats. These various means of dissemination included two journal articles, eleven presentations at international, regional, national and local meetings, five abstracts, website updates and one-on-one visitations. Information was presented to an advisory stakeholder group and input was incorporated into the projects. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?The third year of research will be finalized and information disseminated as needed. A greater emphasis on early storage management and fresh pack quality will be made.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Results from the study indicate the very low risk of sprout development when both an aerosol and EC spray application of CIPC is made to potatoes prior to export. An EC application alone is a deterrent, but will not provide assurance of limited to no emergence. Export negotiations can rely upon this data to ensure the country of the low risk in importing US potatoes that have been treated with aerosol and EC-CIPC applications. Differences in varieties were observed, although if both CIPC applications were used, the results were similar. Commercial storages were also evaluated for CIPC residue and sprout control. Results will help continue to formulate a stewardship program based upon replicated data. A bulletin was published, Best Practices for CIPC Residue Sampling of Potatoes and Storage Facilities, that describes a science-based sampling method for CIPC residues. CIPC residue swabbing in commercial and research storages was conducted to understand the level of CIPC residue and the risk of seed contamination, residue sampling in storage structures. Cleaning of the storage substantially reduced CIPC residue levels on materials to 0.25 to 22% of the levels evaluated after the CIPC application. Residue levels were variable depending upon the area and material sampled within the storage facility. Areas in the plenum near the CIPC application port generally showed higher residue than the upper catwalk area. This swabbing technique may be used to assess the effectiveness of storage cleaning and airing and as a tool for making management decisions on the potential risk for contamination of CIPC with a temporary housing of seed.
Publications
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Suttle, J, M. Campbell and N. Olsen. 2016. Potato tuber dormancy and sprout control. In: Postharvest Ripening Physiology in Crops. CRC Press. Pp. 449-476.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Wang, Y., N.L. Olsen, T.L. Brandt. 2016. A Historical Look at Russet Burbank Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Quality under Different Storage Regimes. American Journal of Potato Research. DOI: 10.1007/s12230-016-9524-6.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Frazier, M.J. and N. Olsen. 2016. Best Practices for CIPC Residue Sampling of Potatoes and Storage Facilities. University of Idaho Extension BUL 907.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Frazier, M. J. and N. Olsen. 2016. Swabbing potato storage structures for chlorpropham (CIPC) reside. American J. of Potato Research (in press).
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Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15
Outputs
Target Audience:Research findings from these studies are disseminated to potato growers, storage managers, scientists, extension personnel and others related to the potato industry. These audiences are reached using various formats: presentations at the local, regional, national and international levels, workshops, trade journal articles, proceedings articles, journal articles, abstracts, extension publications, website updates and one-on-one visitations. Input was sought from the University of Idaho Kimberly Potato Storage Advisory Committee. This committee is comprised of industry representatives and growers from Idaho. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?World Potato Congress, Beijing, China, July 26-31, 2015. 99th Annual Potato Association of America, Portland, ME, July 19- 23, 2015. Sprout Suppression 2020. Potato Council. York, UK. April 16. 2015. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Initial research findings from these studies were disseminated to potato growers, storage managers, scientists, extension personnel and others related to the potato industry in multiple formats. These various means of dissemination included two journal articles, eleven presentations at international, regional, national and local meetings, five abstracts, website updates and one-on-one visitations. Information was presented to an advisory stakeholder group and input was incorporated into the projects. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?The second year of research will be finalized and information disseminated as needed. A greater emphasis on early storage management will be made.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Results from the second year coincide with the initial year's results and indicate the very low risk of sprout development when both an aerosol and EC spray application of CIPC is made to potatoes prior to export. An EC application alone is a deterrent, but will not provide assurance of limited to no emergence. Export negotiations can rely upon this data to ensure the country of the low risk in importing US potatoes that have been treated with aerosol and EC-CIPC applications. Differences in cultivars were observed, although if both CIPC applications are used, the results were similar. A journal publication was published highlighting results from previous CIPC impacts on plant performance and can be used as an official document for export negotiations. In addition, a novel sprout inhibitor was evaluated (pelargonic acid) as a thermal aerosol application. Limited sprout suppression was observed although the product did blacken meristematic tissue of emerging sprouts. A different formulation of the chemical may provide better distribution and control. Commercial storages were also evaluated for CIPC residue and sprout control based upon method and timing of application. Results will help continue to formulate a stewardship program based upon replicated data. An additional objective investigates early storage management temperature conditions on tuber quality response, especially wound healing and weight loss. This study emphasizes the impact of early storage management and results show the negative consequences of decay due to warm early storage temperatures and processing quality implications of lower temperatures. Differences in wound healing ability differed between cultivars and results will allow variety specific recommendations for field heat removal and curing temperatures to minimize disease development and weight loss and maintain desired quality.
Publications
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Peck, S. 2015.Integrating Cultivar, Temperature and Quality into Early Storage Management Decisions for Wound Healing in Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.).University of Idaho Masters of Science thesis.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Frazier, M.J. and N. Olsen. 2015. Chlorpropham sprout inhibitor residue on fresh-pack potatoes. (Abstract). American J Potato 92:188.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Frazier, MJ and N. Olsen. 2015. The Effects of Chlorpropham Exposure on Field-Grown Potatoes. American Journal of Potato Research 92:32-37.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Olsen, N. 2015. Potato Storage Management: a Global Perspective. Potato Research. 57(3): 331-333
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Olsen, N., M.J. Frazier, L. Woodell, and T. Brandt. 2015. Conserving Potato Quality in Storage. Abstracts of the 2015 Beijing World Potato Congress, p 95-96.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Frazier, M.J. and N. Olsen. 2015. Potato sprout inhibitor options in the United States. Abstracts of the 2015 Beijing World Potato Congress, p 112-113.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Frazier, M.J., S. Peck, and N. Olsen. 2015. Effects of early storage management on potato tuber weight loss and processing quality. American J Potato Research (abstract; in press).
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Peck, S., N. Olsen, and M.J. Frazier. 2015. The impact of curing temperature on suberization of potato cores. American J Potato Research (abstract; in press).
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Progress 07/01/14 to 09/30/14
Outputs
Target Audience: Research findings from these studies are disseminated to potato growers, storage managers, scientists, extension personnel and others related to the potato industry. These audiences are reached using various formats: presentations at the local, regional, national and international levels, workshops, trade journal articles, proceedings articles, journal articles, extension publications, website updates and one-on-one visitations. Input was sought from the University of Idaho Kimberly Potato Storage Advisory Committee. This committee is comprised of industry representatives and growers from Idaho. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Attended the 98th Annual Potato Association of America, Spokane, WA, USA, July 27- July 31, 2014. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Initial research findings from these studies were disseminated to potato growers, storage managers, scientists, extension personnel and others related to the potato industry in multiple formats. These various means of dissemination included one journal article, thirteen presentations at international, regional, national and local meetings, two extension trade journal and proceedings article publications, three abstracts, website updates and one-on-one visitations. Information was presented to an advisory stakeholder group and input was incorporated into the projects. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? The initial year of research will be finalized and information disseminated as needed. Literature will be evaluated for additional potential sprout inhibitor products. Potatoes currently in storage will be treated with a new compound (pelargonic acid) at the appropriate time and sprout development assessed. Additional products will be evaluated as identified. Commercial storages are being evaluated for CIPC residue and sprout control based upon method and timing of application. Seed for next year's study was obtained and treated with aerosol CIPC. Additional treatments will include CIPC (aerosol and/or thermal applications) and a non-treated control. After field planting, emergence, stem number per plant, yield and yield profile will be evaluated. Three cultivars will be evaluated for plant productivity with the ultimate goal in identifying treatments resulting in the least viable level of sprouting.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Results from the initial year indicate the very low risk of sprout development when both an aerosol and EC spray application of CIPC is made to potatoes prior to export. An EC application alone is a deterrent, but will not provide assurance of limited to no emergence. Export negotiations can rely upon this data to ensure the country of the low risk in importing US potatoes that have been treated with aerosol and EC-CIPC applications. Differences in varieties were observed, although if both CIPC applications are used, the results were similar. A journal publication was published highlighting results from previous CIPC impacts on plant performance and can be used as an official document for export negotiations. An additional objective that investigates early storage management temperature conditions on tuber quality response, especially wound healing, was added. This project is still in progress, but yielding interesting results to date. This study emphasizes the impact of early storage management and results show the negative consequences of decay due to warm early storage temperatures and processing quality implications of lower temperatures.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Frazier, MJ and N. Olsen. 2014. The effects of chlorpropham exposure on field-grown potatoes. American Journal of Potato Research. DOI 10.1007/s12230-014-9408-6.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Frazier, M.J. and N. Olsen. 2014. Chlorpropham sprout inhibitor residue on fresh-pack potatoes. American Journal of Potato Research (in press).
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Olsen, N. 2014. Potato Storage Management: A Global Perspective. Abstracts of 19th Triennial Conference of the European Association for Potato Research, Brussels, Belgium, July 6-11, 2014. Pp. 30-31.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Nolte, P. and N. Olsen. 2014. Skin set, wound healing and how to achieve both. 2014 Proceedings of the Washington-Oregon Potato Conference. Pp. 24-28.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Olsen, N. S. Peck and P. Nolte. 2014. Potatoes Natural Band-Aid. Potato Grower Magazine. September 2014. Vol. 43 (9): 44-45.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Olsen, N. and M.J. Frazier. 2014. CIPC: User Beware. Spudman Magazine. April 2014. Vol. 52 (4): 28-29.
- Type:
Websites
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Olsen, N. and MJ. Frazier. 2014. Update on potato spout control. Plant Management Network Educational Webcast- Focus on Potato. Open access November 2014 to February 2015. (invited)
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