Source: UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA submitted to NRP
MANAGEMENT AND POLICY CHALLENGES IN A WATER-SCARCE WORLD
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1011631
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
W-3190
Project Start Date
Oct 1, 2015
Project End Date
Aug 31, 2019
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
200 D.W. BROOKS DR
ATHENS,GA 30602-5016
Performing Department
Agricultural & Applied Economics
Non Technical Summary
The proposed research addresses a variety of water management issues, with an overarching goal of increasing society's net benefit from limited water resources. The suite of research questions and methods described below will test the feasibility and economic efficiency of innovative water management practices, policies, and institutions. Insights gained will also improve the design of existing tools. This projectwill engage stakeholders (including policymakers) in this research agenda by hosting informal meetings and formal workshops to facilitate information exchange and discovery of new ideas. The projectwill also develop and deliver outreach presentations and publications for stakeholders that distill research findings into practical, science-based management tools and policy recommendations. These tools will empower stakeholders to objectively dissect complex water issues and correctly weigh benefits and costs of alternative options. If implemented, policy recommendations will help alleviate water conflicts.
Animal Health Component
80%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
20%
Applied
80%
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
60503993010100%
Goals / Objectives
Characterize bio-physical, socio-economic, and political/legal factors (and interactions of these factors) that influence water-use decisions and related market or non-market outcomes. Develop or enhance quantitative methods to address emerging water management issues. Evaluate and compare alternative water management strategies and institutions.
Project Methods
The methods used will include crop simulation models, regression analysis, principal components analysis, welfare analysis, economic choice experiments, non-market valuation techniques.

Progress 10/01/18 to 08/31/19

Outputs
Target Audience:Academic researchers and state policy makers. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?One PhD degree confierred. One MS degree conferred. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The results have been disseminated through a journal publication and multiple conference presentations. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Expand upon the hydro-economicmodeling efforts in the Flint River Basin. Apply irrigation water demand model to new crops and locations throughout the US.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Developed a hydro-economic model to investigate the impacts of alternative drought policies on agricultural production, water availability, and in-stream flows. Developed a model of irrigation water demand and applied it to cotton and peanut production in Georgia.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Mullen, J.D. (2019). Agricultural Water Policy During Drought: A Strategy for Including Groundwater Permits in Future Irrigation Buyout Auctions in the Flint River Basin, Water, 11, 151.


Progress 10/01/15 to 08/31/19

Outputs
Target Audience:Academic researchers and state policy makers. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?One PhD degree confierred. One MS degree conferred. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The results have been disseminated through a journal publication and multiple conference presentation What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Expand upon the hydro-economic modeling efforts in the Flint River Basin. Apply irrigation water demand model to new crops and locations throughout the US.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Developed a hydro-economic model to investigate the impacts of alternative drought policies on agricultural production, water availability, and in-stream flows. Developed a model of irrigation water demand and applied it to cotton and peanut production in Georgia.

Publications


    Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18

    Outputs
    Target Audience:Georgia state officials, international development funding agencies. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?2 PhD students and 2 MS students have partiicpated in the activities described above. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Goal 1: journal article Goal 2: presentations at professional conferences Goal 3: workshop with state officials and local stakeholders What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Goal 1: Conduct economic experiments to identify farmer willingness to adopt particular conservation practices in the Flint River Basin Goal 2 &3: Conduct empirical simulations using irrigation water demand model

    Impacts
    What was accomplished under these goals? Goal 1: developed groundwater risk index to identify areas of the world at particular political andeconomic risk due togroundwater scarcity. Goal 2: Developed model for estimating future irrigation water demand under 4 climate scenarios, for 9 crops, across 225 US counties. Goal 3: Completed workshop to investigate alternative water consrevation practices in Georgia's Flint River Basin

    Publications

    • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Lezzaik, K., A. Milewski, and J.D. Mullen (2018). The groundwater risk index: Development and application in the Middle East and North Africa region, Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 628629:11491164.


    Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17

    Outputs
    Target Audience:County officials and residents of Gwinnett County, GA. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?This project served as a MS thesis, providing direct training to one MS student. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?A workshop was held with Gwinnett County officials, and a journal article was published. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?I will be focusing on goal 1, with particular attention to agricultural water use.

    Impacts
    What was accomplished under these goals? Under goal 2, I was able to assess public preferences for different attributes of local water quality policy.

    Publications

    • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Mullen, J.D., *K. Calhoun, and G. Colson (2017). Preferences for Policy Attributes and Willingness to Pay for Water Quality Improvements Under Uncertainty, Water Resources Research, Vol. 53(4):2627-2642.


    Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16

    Outputs
    Target Audience:Georgia Environemntal Protection Division, Georgia Water Planning Councils, and Gwinnett County, GA, water policy makers and the general public were the target audience for this reporting period. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Training of MS and PhD students How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Direct reporting to policy makers Publication in academic journals What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?COntinue working on models to better predict agricultural water use and evaluate policy that affect it.

    Impacts
    What was accomplished under these goals? New projections of agricultural water withdrawals out to 2050 have been developed for the State of Georgia. These projections are used directly by the state's Regional Water Planning Councils to complete gap analyses and identify and develop solutions to potential water shortages in the future.These estimates were done at the county level and aggregated for each Water Planning Council. Initiated new analysis to compare the relative accuracy of water use estimates generated by econometric methods versus crop growth simulations. When exploring environmental policy options, sometimes neither the current state of the environmental good being analyzed nor the effectiveness of the proposed policy is known with certainty. This is the case with privately-owned, residential, onsite wastewater treatment systems (septic systems) â€" there is ample evidence that they can contribute to water quality impairment, but their contribution is generally stochastic in nature and the efficacy of technological solutions is uncertain. Furthermore, the benefits of ameliorating water quality impairments are public in nature. Septic system owners are legally responsible for maintaining their systems, but requiring them to upgrade otherwise properly functioning tanks is outside the scope of water quality regulations. An incentive structure is necessary to induce private homeowners to invest in septic upgrades that deliver both private benefits in addition to the positive externality for the wider public and environment. The question for policy makers is how these private incentives should be financed, and whether public support can be garnered. Results of a choice experiment in Gwinnett County, Georgia, accounting for both sources of uncertaintythe current state of water quality and the efficacy of the intervention in the design of water quality policy were generated. We find baseline water quality conditions and policy efficacy significantly affect public support for a policy transferring public funds to private homeowners, in terms of both sentiment and willingness to pay. The manner in which costs are shared across stakeholders also affects the selection of a policy option, but not willingness to pay for it.

    Publications

    • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Mullen, J.D., K. Calhoun, and G. Colson (2017). Preferences for Policy Attributes and Willingness to Pay for Water Quality Improvements Under Uncertainty Water Resources Research,