Source: NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY submitted to NRP
INNOVATIVE CROPPING SYSTEMS AND MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE WATER AND NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY IN THE SEMI-ARID ENVIRONMENTS OF NEW MEXICO
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
HATCH
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1011673
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Jul 12, 2017
Project End Date
Sep 30, 2021
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY
1620 STANDLEY DR ACADEMIC RESH A RM 110
LAS CRUCES,NM 88003-1239
Performing Department
Plant and Environmental Sciences
Non Technical Summary
Non-technical SummaryWater is a deciding and foremost limiting factor of crop production in rain-fed semi-arid environments of New Mexico, where the average annual rainfall is often less than 15 inches. Crop diversification and/or intensification in these agro-climates is challenging due to limited moisture to meet the critical requirements of crop growth and development. The moisture limitation coupled with high demand for evapotranspiration in semi-arid environments makes the crop production almost impossible in most of the semi-arid environments of New Mexico, especially during drought periods. This occurrence is evident in the recent droughts of New Mexico during 2011-2013. Under dryland conditions of New Mexico agriculture, where precipitation water is the only source for crop production, efficient utilization of limited natural resource capability such as precipitation water and soil nutrients is largely untapped in most cases, leading to decreased crop productivity per unit area. Improving the agricultural productivity per unit area with finite resources while maintaining ecological sustainability and system resilience is a most pressing task of dryland agriculture research in New Mexico. Introduction of more resource efficient cropping system in lieu of existing cropping system can improve the overall productivity and thereby enhance the agriculture-based economy in New Mexico. Moreover, addressing the water issue of dryland agriculture in New Mexico through innovative solutions of cropping systems and management practices is critical to achieve maximum productivity in a given semi-arid cropping system.Potential impact:In New Mexico, winter wheat is planted on 380,000 acres, mostly on dryland. The traditional cropping systems are either continuous wheat or wheat-sorghum-fallow. These traditional systems are narrow in scope in terms of yield improvement, economic viability, and long-term sustainability. Multiple cropping systemsefforts mentioned in this researchaimed at developing efficient modified winter wheat cropping system and alternate cropping system with more crop diversity to increase the production capacity, water use efficiency, soil quality, and sustainability in this region. If we can make even a small yield improvement worth of $10/acre (equivalent to about 1.5 bushel wheat @ $6.50/bu) through advanced rotation, while improving the water use efficiency and soil quality, it would produce a significant economic benefit worth of $3.8 million in value in New Mexico alone. Another project aimed at cutting the manure material, transportation, and application costs by 60% by applying to strip-till area around the plant root zone. Additionally, this will also enhance the water and nutrient use efficiency. This practice also have a potential patent opportunity for new commercial manure applicator in the strip till area. Tillage research efforts on multiple projects are in progress to improve the resource use efficiency and overall productivity. Overall, these projects will have significant economic benefit, in addition to the long-term sustainability of semi-arid cropping systems.
Animal Health Component
90%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
5%
Applied
90%
Developmental
5%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
1020210106025%
1110210310025%
1361649310025%
4030110310025%
Knowledge Area
403 - Waste Disposal, Recycling, and Reuse; 102 - Soil, Plant, Water, Nutrient Relationships; 136 - Conservation of Biological Diversity; 111 - Conservation and Efficient Use of Water;

Subject Of Investigation
1649 - Forage legumes, general/other; 0110 - Soil; 0210 - Water resources;

Field Of Science
1060 - Biology (whole systems); 3100 - Management;
Goals / Objectives
The main objectives of this project are to find the innovative cropping systems or management practices to improve the water and nutrient use efficiency in the semi-arid environments of New Mexico.The specific objectives of this project are:1) To test the water use and production capacity of 17 cover/rotational crop species2) To evaluate six winter-wheat based crop rotations for their water and nutrient use efficiency under dryland conditions.3) To test the water use efficiency and nitrogen dynamics of various rates and incorporation methods of manure application in strip-till area under dryland conditions.4) To test the efficiency of various tillage practices and nitrogen rates to improve the productivity of irrigated corn.Identifying water use efficienct crop(s)from the 'objective 1' will beused in planningand designing the advanced rotation systems, alternative tothe rotations being tested in 'Objective 2'.An advanced rotation systemis defined as a cycle of two or moreresource efficient innovative crops in the existing and/or novel croppingsystem aimed to improve resource use and production efficiency.Developing water budget scenario for a suitable cropping system based on the expected water avalability (pecipitation and irrigation) and given yield goal of component cropsis an effective strategy to minimize the risk of crop failures and to maximize the economic returns. Objective 3 and 4 are themanagement strategies in the semi-arid environmentsto improve water and nutrient use efficiency.
Project Methods
Methods and MaterialsObjective 1: The experiment is planted in a split plot design. Main plots being two irrigation scenarios (fully irrigated and deficit irrigation) and sub-plots being17 crop species with broad botanical background. The crops include both summer and winter cover crops: pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), cow pea (Vigna unguiculata), spring canola (Brassica napas), chickpea (Cicer arietinum), German millet (Setarua italica), proso millet (Panicum miliaceum), pole bean (Phaseolus coccineus), lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus), lablab (Lablab purpureus), sesbania (Sesbania sesban), pearl millet+ cowpea, Austrian winter pea (Pisum sativum), berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum), winter canola (Brassica napas), red clover (Trifolium pratense), rose clover (Trifolium hirtum), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa). Each treatment will be replicated 4 times to minimize the spatial and experimental errors.Pre-plant and post-harvest soil samples will be taken to assess the nutrient use efficiency for each crop and irrigation regime. Moisture measurements will be taken at bi-weekly interval till the end of study using neutron probe (source Americium-241/Beryllium) and water use efficiency will be estimated for each crop under each irrigation scenario. Agronomic measurements such as plant population, grain and biomass yields, and quality measurements will also be measured to estimate the yield potential and economics.Objective 2: Six crop rotations with broad choice of crop selection are being evaluated in Tucumcari, NM for their water use and production capacity under dryland conditions. The crop rotation options with winter wheat include grain/forage legumes, millets, cover crops, and biofuel crops. The experiment will be designed in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications at each tested location. Each experimental unit /plot will be 30X40 square feet dimensions. Both summer and winter crops will be included in the experiment. To maximize the data generation capacity, each rotation will be continually planted in spring/fall seasons until one cycle of rotation is completed. If necessary, based on the seasonal ET demand, supplemental irrigation will be provided to support plant growth and development. During entire rotation cycle, the water usage for the production of each crop will be measured. Soil water content will be measured using neutron probe (source Americium-241/Beryllium). Tubes will be installed to a depth of 3-5 ft (depending on the crop root depth) to cover the rooting depth in each rotation treatment. Water use efficiency is calculated for both individual crops in a rotation as well as entire rotation system as whole.In addition to water dynamics, soil and plant nitrogen will be measured in wheat and non-wheat phases to assess the nitrogen production capacity of overall cropping system. The parameters of soil and sustainability such as residue management, soil physical characteristics like bulk density, infiltration will be measured for each rotation. At the end of each season, the crops will be harvested to assess the seed yield and biomass supply capability in each rotation.Objective 3: The experimental design is a modified split-block with 4X3X2 factorial on a strip-till area. The treatments include 3 dry manure rates: 0, 5, and 10 tons of dry manure/ac; and two methods of incorporation: surface application and incorporated at 6 inch depth. Incorporation at 6 inch depth is consistent with the strip till criteria. Incorporation would also enhance the buildup of profile soil moisture, which will help the subsequent rotation crop in dryland cropping systems. Each treatment will be replicated 4 times to minimize the spatial and experimental errors.Grain sorghum will be planted to evaluate the effect of manure treatments on growth (emergence, early growth) and yield characteristics. Before and after the trial, soil quality data (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, micro nutrients, pH, CEC, EC, OM, soluble salts) will be collected to determine the effects of treatments on soil chemical characteristics. Moisture measurements will be taken at bi-weekly interval till the end of study using neutron probe (source Americium-241/Beryllium) and water use efficiency will be estimated for each manure treatment.Objective 4: The experimental design is a split-plot design with three tillage treatments: conventional tillage, strip tillage and no tillage; Two nitrogen levels: 175 Ib N/ac and 275 Ib N/ac (30 Ib N/ac at planting and the rest as side dress). Each treatment will be replicated 4 times to minimize the spatial and experimental errors. This experiment will be conducted at two New Mexico locations: Las Cruces and Tucumcari. Corn (Mycogen Hybrid Seed TMF2H918) will be planted in a 40 inch row spacing at the rate of 30,000 plants/acre into a wheat/oat residue of 6-8 inch tall.Pre-plant and post-harvest soil measurements for nutrient analysis and soil compaction (in-row compaction measurements) will be taken to determine the impacts of tillage and nitrogen rates on soil quality. During the crop growth and development, agronomic data on plant population, plant height, number of leaves, number of ears, grain and silage yield measurements will also be taken to estimate the productivity.

Progress 10/01/19 to 09/30/20

Outputs
Target Audience: Local, state, regional, and international audience of various technical and non-technical backgrounds in the subject cropping systems. Technical audience include scientists and industry related people (including input suppliers and productpurchasers). Non-technical audience include producers and stakeholders as consumers. Changes/Problems:There have been some problems: 1) Extreme dry conditions with annual precipitation of 8.95 inches 2) Failure of irrigation systems in part of the 2020 season due to broken center pivot, which affected most of the winter trials 3) COVID-19 affected several data collection operations and technical support. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Presentations were made at regional grower conferences that were also attended by Agricultural Professionals, including extension personnel. The presentations were also made at International conferences such as Tri-Society Meetings. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? A total of 8 journal articles and 1 abstract of presentation at scietific conferences,were generated from this project. Additionally, 3 presentations were made to scietific/academic audiences and two presentations were made to producer groups. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? It is anticipated that results from more research projects will be summarized for publications in peer-reviewed journals. Producer meetings and field days will likely be scheduled. Several studies under proposed objectives will be continued, particularly the cover/rotation cropping study evaluating the best alternate crops for crop intensification under semi-arid conditions, the manure rate and incorporation effects on grain sorghum under strip tillage, and the evaluation of severalwinter wheat cropping systems for higher productivity and resource use efficiency under dryland.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? What was accomplished under these goals? 1) To test the water use and production capacity of 17 cover/rotational crop species a) Under this objective, both summer and winter opportune crops tests were conducted last year under both irrigated and dryland conditions. Extreme dry conditions and irrigation failures occurred during 2019-2020. The results were inconclusive during this reporting period. In addition to that, COVID-19 affected several operations and data collection. b) But in general, based on the previous results, all millets (German, Proso, and Pearl millet) performed consistently well with high forage yield and water use efficiency under irrigation. Cowpea among the legumes yielded well under both irrigated and dryland conditions with high water use efficiency. Pearl millet+Cowpea intercropping yielded higher under irrigated conditions. Under dryland conditions, similar to irrigated conditions, millets and cowpea yielded higher than the other tested species. However, the magnitide of yields recorded under dryland conditions were considerably lower than the irrigated conditions due to extremely dry weather conditions during the crop growth and development. c) There have been irrigation problems in the winter of 2020 due to pivot malfunction. and extreme dry conditions. d) Several concept and data presentations on this research were presented at various local, regional, national, and international meetings and conferences. e) A manuscript was published on summer covercrops in AEA-ASABE Journal 2) To evaluate six winter-wheat based crop rotations for their water and nutrient use efficiency under dryland conditions a) Under dryland conditions at Tucumcari, the tests were either failed or not planted due to insufficent precipitation during the critical crop growth and development stages. 3) To test the water use efficiency and nitrogen dynamics of various rates and incorporation methods of manure application in strip-till area under dryland conditions a) This study was initiated in 2016 and continued through to-date; First manuscript was published. A conference abstract was published for a presentation on manure application in strip tillage in 2020 at virtual Tri-Society meetings. b) More data will be obtained in 2021 for further assessment of long-term benefits of manure application in strip-tillage zone. c) The grain sorghum yields and resource use efficiency (water and nutrient) were greater in higher manure rate and incorporation method. 4) To test the efficiency of various tillage practices and nitrogen rates to improve the productivity of irrigated corn a) A manuscript on corn tillage was published in MDPI Agronomy Journal in 2020. b) More N studies in conola and Guar under arid and semi-arid climates are in progress c) Several conference abstracts were published in 2020. d) The results were presented in various regional and international conferences during 2020.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2020 Citation: Darapuneni, M. K., Idowu, O. J., Sarihan*, B., Dubois, D. W., Grover, K., Sanogo, S., Djaman, K., Lauriault, L. M. (in press). Growth characteristics of summer cover crop grasses and their relation to soil aggregate stability and wind erosion control in arid Southwest. To appear in ASABE Applied Engineering in Agriculture., Date Accepted: December 22, 2020.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Darapuneni, M. K., Lauriault, L. M., VanLeeuwen, D. M., Angadi, S. V. (2020). Irrigation strategies influenced alfalfa dry matter yield and water productivity in a semiarid subtropical environment. Irrigation and Drainage, 69(5), 1063-1071. https://doi.org/10.1002/ird.2490
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Darapuneni, M. K., Hergert, G. W., Bradshaw, J. D., Wilson, R., Aqeel, A., Harveson, R., Nielsen, R., Lauriault, L. M. (2020). Agronomic utilization of precipitated calcium carbonate- effect of PCC on sugar beet root aphid control and herbicide dose response of Kochia grown on PCC piles. MDPI Agronomy, 10(537), 11. https://doi:10.3390/agronomy10040537
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: dowu, O. J., Sultana*, S., Darapuneni, M. K., Beck, L. L., Steiner, R. L., M. (2020). Tillage effects on cotton performance and soil quality in an irrigated arid cropping systems. Agriculture, 10 (11)(531), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10110531.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Crookston, B*., Blaser, B., Darapuneni, M. K., Rhoades, M. (2020). Pearl millet forage water use efficiency. MDPI Agronomy, 10(11)(1672), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111672.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Djaman, K., O'Neill, M. K., Lauriault, L. M., Marsalis, M. A., Koudahe, K., Darapuneni, M. K. (in press). The dynamics of forage yield of different fall dormancy rating alfalfa cultivars in a semiarid climate. To appear in Agriculural Research., Date Submitted: January 16, 2020, Date Accepted: September 6, 2020.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Djaman, K., Darapuneni, M. K., O'Neill, M. K. (2020). Relationship between Relative Maturity and Grain Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids in Northwest New Mexico for the 20032019 Period. MDPI, 10(9), 290. https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/10/7/290.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Marsalis, M. A., Lauriault, L. M., Darapuneni, M. K. (2020). Perennial cereal rye performance and comparisons with winter annual cereal forages in the semiarid, subtropical southwestern United States. Crop Science, 60, 507-514. https://doi.10.1002/csc2.20069.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Darapuneni, M. K., Martinez, G., Lauriault, L. M., ASA-SSSA-CSSA Annual Meeting, ASA-SSSA-CSSA Societies, Virtual meeing, "Strip-till manure application under dryland grain sorghum production". (November 12, 2020).


Progress 10/01/18 to 09/30/19

Outputs
Target Audience: Local, state, regional, and international audience of various technical and non-technical backgrounds in the subject cropping systems. Technical audience include scientists and industry related people (including input suppliers and product purchasers). Non-technical audience include producers and stakeholders as consumers. Changes/Problems:There have been some problems with irrigation systems from August 2019 due to broken center pivot, which will affect most of the winter trials. That being said, limited data was still collectable on several projects, although other projects came to early termination. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Presentations were made at regional grower conferences that were also attended by Agricultural Professionals, including extension personnel. The presentations were also made at International conferences such as Tri-Society Meetings. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?A total of 11 journal articles and 5 abstracts of presentations at scietific conferences,were generated from this project. Additionally, 5 presentations were made to scietific/academic audiences and two presentations were made to producer groups. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? It is anticipated that results from more reesearch projects will be summarized for publications in peer-reviewed journals. Producer meetings and field days will likely be scheduled. Several studies under proposed objectives will be continued, particularly the cover/rotation cropping study evaluating the best alternate crops for crop intensification under semi-arid conditions, the manure rate and incorporation effects on grain sorghum under strip tillage, and the evaluation of several winter wheat cropping systems for higher productivity and resource use efficiency under dryland.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? 1) To test the water use and production capacity of 17 cover/rotational crop species a) Under this objective, both summer and winter opportune crops tests were conducted last year under both irrigated and dryland conditions. b) For summer crops, all millets (German, Proso, and Pearl millet) performed consistently well with high forage yield and water use efficiency under irrigation. Cowpea among the legumes yielded well under both irrigated and dryland conditions with high water use efficiency. Pearl millet+Cowpea intercropping yielded higher under irrigated conditions. Under dryland conditions, similar to irrigated conditions, millets and cowpea yielded higher than the other tested species. However, the magnitide of yields recorded under dryland conditions were considerably lower than the irrigated conditions due to extremely dry weather conditions during the crop growth and development. c) Winter cover crop or opportune cropping study is under progress. The test was planted in September of 2019. There have been irrigation problems in the winter of 2019 due to pivot malfunction. d) Several concept and data presentations on this research were presented at various local, regional, national, and international meetings and conferences. 2) To evaluate six winter-wheat based crop rotations for their water and nutrient use efficiency under dryland conditions a) Under dryland conditions at Tucumcari, the tests were either failed or not planted due to insufficent precipitation during the critical crop growth and development stages. b) Efforts to produce more data under dryland in Tucumcari will continue in 2020. 3) To test the water use efficiency and nitrogen dynamics of various rates and incorporation methods of manure application in strip-till area under dryland conditions a) This study was initiated in 2016 and continued through to-date; First manuscript was published. b) More data will be obtained in 2020 for further assessment of long-term benefits of manure application in strip-tillage zone. c) The grain sorghum yields and resource use efficiency (water and nutrient) were greater in higher manure rate and incorporation method. 4) To test the efficiency of various tillage practices and nitrogen rates to improve the productivity of irrigated corn a) First manuscript on corn tillage and N management was published in Agronomy Journal in 2019. b) More N studies in conola and Guar under arid and semi-arid climates are in progress; at least four manuscripts were published in this area during 2019 c) Several conference abstracts were published in 2019. d) The results were presented in various regional and international conferences during 2019.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Darapuneni, M. K., O.J. Idowu, L.M. Lauriault, S. Dodla, K. Pavuluri, S. Ale, K. Grover, and S. Angadi. 2019. Tillage and nitrogen rate effects on corn production and residual soil characteristics. Agron. J. 111(3):1524-1532. doi:10.2134/agronj2018.09.0582.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Darapuneni, M.K., L.M. Lauriault, and S. Angadi. 2019. Alfalfa termination strategies determine subsequent wheat and haygrazer forage yield and nutritive value. Crop Forage Turfgrass Manage. 5(1):190034. https://www.doi.org/10.2134/cftm2019.05.0034
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Acharya, B. S*., S. Dodla, S. Sepat, H. Bohara*, L. Gaston, J. Wang, and M.K. Darapuneni. 2019. Winter cover crops effect on soil moisture and soybean growth and yield under different tillage systems. Soil Tillage Res. 195:104430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2019.104430.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Himanshu, S.K., S. Ale, J. Bordovsky, and M.K. Darapuneni. 2019. Evaluation of crop growth stage-based deficit irrigation strategies for cotton production in the Southern Great Plains. Agric. Water Manage. 225:105782. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2019.105782
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Machicek, J*., B. Blaser, M.K. Darapuneni, B. Crookston*, and M. Rhodes. 2019. Harvesting regimes affect brown midrib sorghum and brown midrib pearl millet production and quality. Agron. 2019, 9(8), 416, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9080416.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2019 Citation: Marsalis, M., L.M. Lauriault, and M.K. Darapuneni. 2019. Perennial cereal rye performance in the semiarid, subtropical Southwestern USA. Crop Sci. Posted Date: 08/02/2019 (First Look).
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Idowu, O.J., S.Sultana*, M.K. Darapuneni, L. Beck, and R. Steiner (2019). Short- term conservation tillage effects on corn silage yield and soil quality in an irrigated, arid agroecosystem. Agron. 2019, 9(8), 455: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9080455.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Djaman, K., K. Komlan, and M.K. Darapuneni. 2019. Preplant irrigation effectiveness and crop yield and water productivity in the southwest United States. J. Agri. Horti. Res. 2(2):1-6. doi.org/10.33140/JAHR.02.02.02.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Darapuneni, M.K., L.M. Lauriault, S. Dodla, O.J. Idowu, K. Grover, G. Martinez, K. Djaman, and S. Angadi. 2019. Temporal variations in plant and soil characteristics following a single strip-till manure application. Soil Tillage Res. 194, 104350:1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2019.104350.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Dattamudi, S*., J.J. Wang, S. Dodla, H.P. Viator, R. DeLaune, A. Hiscox, M.K. Darapuneni, C. Jeong, and P. Colyer. 2019. Greenhouse gas emissions as influenced by nitrogen fertilization and harvest residue management in sugarcane production. Agrosyst. Geosci. Environ. 2(1):190014. doi:10.2134/age2019.03.0014.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Bohara, H*., S. Dodla, J.J. Wang, M.K. Darapuneni, B.S. Acharya*, S. Magdi, K. Pavuluri. 2019. Influence of poultry litter and biochar on soil water dynamics and nutrient leaching from a very fine sandy loam soil. Soil Tillage Res. 189:44-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2019.01.001.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Darapuneni, M. K., L. Lauriault, S. Dodla, J. Idowu, K. Grover, G. Martinez, K. Djaman, and S. Angadi. 2019. Temporal variations of plant and soil characteristics in dryland sorghum following single application of cattle manure under strip till management. Accepted to present at ASA-CSSA-SSSA Meetings, San Antonio, TX (November 13, 2019).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Dodla, S., H. Bohara*, J. Wang, M.K. Darapuneni, B.S. Acharya*, M. Selim, K. Pavuluri. 2019. Poultry litter and biochar on soil water dynamics and nutrient leaching from a fine sandy loam soil. Accepted to present at ASA-CSSA-SSSA Meetings, San Antonio, TX (November 11, 2019).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Grover, K., A. Garcia, B. Schutte, B. Stringam, M.K. Darapuneni, and D. VanLeeuwen. 2019. Response of Guar to various irrigation regimes. Accepted to present at ASA-CSSA-SSSA Meetings, San Antonio, TX (November 11, 2019).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Begna, S., S. Angadi, R. Ghimire, A. Mesbah, B. and M.K. Darapuneni. 2019. Nitrogen application timing and winter canola seasonal biomass production and seed yield. Accepted to present at ASA-CSSA-SSSA Meetings, San Antonio, TX (November 12, 2019).
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Under Review Year Published: 2019 Citation: Darapuneni, M.K., L.M. Lauriault, and S. Angadi. 2019d. Irrigation strategies affect alfalfa dry matter yield. Irrigation and Drainage (In Review). Submitted Date: 06/18/2019.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Under Review Year Published: 2019 Citation: Darapuneni, M.K., B. Sarihan*, O.J. Idowu, D. DuBois, K. Grover, and S. Sanogo. (2019c). Growth characteristics of summer cover crop grasses and their relation to soil aggregate stability and wind erosion control in arid southwest. J. Soil Water Conserv. (In Review). Submitted Date: 03/21/2019.


Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18

Outputs
Target Audience:Local, state, regional, and internationalaudience of various technical and non-technical backgrounds in the subject cropping systems. Technical audience include scientists andindustry related people (including input suppliers and product purchasers). Non-technical audienceinclude producers and stakeholders as consumers. Changes/Problems:There were some problems with irrigation systems from October 2017 to May 2018 due to broken electrical line. That being said, limited data was still collectable on several projects, although other projects came to early termination. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Presentations were made at regional grower conferences that were also attended by Agricultural Professionals, including extension personnel. The presentations were also made at International conferences such as Tri-Society, Western Crop Science Society, Sustainable Ag. Conference,Soil and Water ConservationSociety. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?One journal article,six abstracts of presentations at scietific conferences, one extension article, one conference proceedings, andtwo Agricultural Experiment Station Publications were generated from this project. Additionally,seven presentations were made to scietific/academic audiences andtwo presentations were made to producer groups. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?It is anticipated that results from more reesearch projects will be summarized for publications in peer-reviewed journals. Producer meetings and field days will likely be scheduled. Severalstudies under proposed objectives will be continued, particularly the cover/rotation cropping study evaluating the best alternate crops for crop intensification under semi-arid conditions, the manurerate and incorporation effects on grain sorghum under strip tillage, andthe evaluation of several winter wheat cropping systems for higher productivity and resource use efficiency under dryland.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? 1) To test the water use and production capacity of 17 cover/rotational crop species a) Under this objective, both summer and winteropportune crops tests were conducted last year under bothirrigated and dryland conditions. b) For summer crops,all millets (German, Proso, and Pearlmillet)performed consistently well with high forage yield and water use efficiency underirrigation. Cowpea among the legumes yielded well under both irrigated and dryland conditions with high water use efficiency. Pearl millet+Cowpea intercroppingyielded higher under irrigated conditions. Under dryland conditions, similar to irrigated conditions, millets and cowpea yieldedhigher than the other tested species. However, the magnitide of yields recordedunder dryland conditions were considerably lower than the irrigated conditions due toextremelydry weather conditions during the crop growth and development. c) Winter cover crop or opportune cropping study is under progress. The test wasplanted in September of 2018. The winter cover crop test conducted in 2017 demonstrated the higher yieldand water use efficiency potential of winter canola among the tested winteropportune crops. d) Several concept and datapresentations on this research were presented at various local, regional, national, and internationalmeetings and conferences. 2) To evaluate six winter-wheat based crop rotations for their water and nutrient use efficiency under dryland conditions a) Under dryland conditions at Tucumcari, the tests were either failed or not planted due to insufficent precipitation during the critical crop growth and development stages. The precipitation duringthe growth season wasbelow monthly long-term average for most months. b)Efforts to produce more data under dryland in Tucumcari will continue in 2019. c) Presentations about conceptat local and regional level were given during the 2017 and 2018. 3) To test the water use efficiency and nitrogen dynamics of various rates and incorporation methods of manure application in strip-till area under dryland conditions a) This study was initiated in 2016 and continued through 2018; First manuscript preparation is in progress. b)More data will be obtained in 2019 for further assessment of long-term benefits of manure application in strip-tillage zone. c) Thegrain sorghum yields and resource use efficiency (water and nutrient)weregreater in higher manure rate and incorporation method. 4) To test the efficiency of various tillage practices and nitrogen rates to improve the productivity of irrigated corn a)First manuscript on corn tillage and N management was published in Agronomy Journal in 2018. b) More tillage studies in corn and cottonunder arid and semi-arid climates were conducted in 2017 and 2018; at least three manuscripts are under preparation. c)One extension publication and several conference abstracts were published in 2017 and 2018. d)The results werepresented in various regional and international conferences during 2017 and 2018.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2018 Citation: Darapuneni, M. K., O.J. Idowu, L.M. Lauriault, S. Dodla, K. Pavuluri, S. Ale, K. Grover, and S. Angadi. (2019). Tillage and nitrogen rate effects on corn production and residual soil characteristics. Agronomy J. In press. Date of Acceptance: December 26, 2018.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Darapuneni, M.K., S. Angadi, M.R. Umesh, F.E. Contreras-Govea, K.S. Annadurai, K., S.H. Begna, M.A. Marsalis, N.A. Cole, P.H. Gowda, G.R. Hagevoort, and L.M. Lauriault. 2018. Canopy development of annual legumes and forage sorghum intercrops and its relation to dry matter accumulation. Agron. J. 110:111.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Wen, Y., M.K. Darapuneni, D. Chen, G. Piccinni, T. Cothren, D. Leskovar, K. Pavuluri, D. Rowland. 2018. The phenotypical responses of cotton and their relation to lint yield under traditional and regulated deficit irrigation schemes in semi-arid environments. Agron. J. 110:1339-1353.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Bohara, H., S. Dodla, J.J. Wang, M.K. Darapuneni, M. Kongchum, D.D. Fromme, and D. Harrell. 2018. Impacts of N-stabilizers and biochar on nitrogen losses, nitrogen phytoavailability, and cotton yield in poultry litter-fertilized soils. Agron. J. 110:2016-2024.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Hergert, G.W., R.A. Nielsen, J.A. Schild, R.L. Hawley, and M.K. Darapuneni. 2018. Row-applied iron chelate for correcting iron deficiency chlorosis in dry bean. Agron. J. 111:1-6.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Zhang, J., G. Martinez, M.K. Darapuneni, A. Abdelraheem, J. McCarty, J. Jenkins. 2018. Evaluation of a multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) introgressed line population for Verticillium wilt resistance in Upland cotton. Euphytica. 214: 197.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Mello, S.C., D.D. Neto, M.K. Darapuneni, and K. Pavuluri. 2018. Response of tomato to polyhalite as multi nutrient fertilizer in south-east Brazil. J. Plant Nutr. 41(16): 2126-2140.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Sultana, S*., J. Idowu, J., M.K. Darapuneni, J. Zhang, and M. Omer. 2018. Reduced tillage effects on cotton growth and yield in New Mexico. Beltwide Cotton Conferences Proceedings, San Antonio, TX, January 3-5, 2018. Date Accepted January 15, 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Darapuneni, M. K., L. Lauriault, and J. Idowu. 2018 Temporal variations of plant and soil characteristics in dryland sorghum following single application of cattle manure under strip till management. SSSA Meetings, San Diego, CA. Date Accepted: October 18, 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Darapuneni, M. K., L. Lauriault, and J. Idowu. 2018. Water use and yield potential of winter and summer alternate/cover crops. ASA, CSSA, SSSA Meetings, Baltimore, MD . (November 6, 2018).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Sarihan, B*., M.K. Darapuneni, O.J. Idowu, D. DuBois, and K. Grover. 2018. Impacts of selected summer cover crops on wind erosion control. In Culture, Climate, and Conservation.73rd SWCS International Annual Conference, Albuquerque, NM. Jul. 29- Aug.1. #10.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Sarihan, B*., M.K. Darapuneni, O.J. Idowu, D. DuBois, and K. Grover. 2018. Impacts of selected summer cover crops on wind erosion control. 2018 Western Society of Crop Science Annual Meeting, Laramie, WY June 20, 2018 (June 20, 2018).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Sultana, S*., J. Idowu, J., M.K. Darapuneni, J. Zhang, and M. Omer. 2018. Effects of tillage methods on cotton growth and yield in New Mexico. 2018 Western Society of Crop Science Annual Meeting, Laramie, WY June 20, 2018 (June 20, 2018).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Sarihan, B*., M.K. Darapuneni, O.J. Idowu, D. DuBois, and K. Grover. 2018. Impacts of selected summer cover crops on wind erosion control. New Mexico Sustainable Agriculture Conference, Los Lunas, NM. December 12, 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Sultana, S*., J. Idowu, J., M.K. Darapuneni, L. Beck, and J. Steiner. 2018. Reduced tillage effects on corn silage yield and quality in Southern New Mexico. New Mexico Sustainable Agriculture Conference, Los Lunas, NM. December 12, 2018.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Darapuneni, M. K., G.D. Morgan, B.L. McKay, S.K. Dodla, and L.M. Lauriault. 2017. Selecting cool-season forage grasses for their yield, seasonal yield distribution, and nutritive value in the Blacklands and Rolling Plains ecoregions of Texas. Crop Forage Turfgrass Manage. 3:2017-04-0031.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Darapuneni, M. K., S.V. Angadi, S. Begna, L.M. Lauriault, M.R. Umesh, R. Kirksey, and M. Marsalis. 2017. Grain sorghum water use efficiency and yield are impacted by tillage management systems, stubble height, and crop rotation. Crop Forage Turfgrass Manage. 3:2016-09-0062.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Idowu, O.J., S. Angadi, M.K. Darapuneni, and R. Ghimire. 2017. Reducing Tillage in Arid and Semi-arid Cropping Systems: An Overview. NMSU Extension Publication. (vol. Guide A-52, pp. 1-8). http://aces.nmsu.edu/pubs/_a/A152.pdf.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Darapuneni, M. K., A. Cunningham, and L.M. Lauriault. 2017. Water use and yield potential of winter and summer alternate/cover crops. In SSSA Division-Soil and Water Management and Conservation: Managing Soils and Crops with Cover Crops. ASA, CSSA, SSSA International Annual Conference, Tampa, FL. Nov. 22-25. 105267- 605 (October 25, 2017).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Darapuneni, M. K., A. Cunningham, and L.M. Lauriault. 2017. Manure application in strip tillage: effects on grain sorghum yield, water use efficiency, and nutrient uptake under dryland cropping systems. In SSSA Division-Soil and Water Management and Conservation: Soil and Water Management and Conservation Oral. ASA, CSSA, SSSA International Annual Conference, Tampa, FL. Nov. 22-25. 128- 1 (October 23, 2017).
  • Type: Theses/Dissertations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Reduced tillage for corn and cotton in the arid and semi-arid desert Southwest
  • Type: Theses/Dissertations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Impacts of selected cover crops on wind erosion control


Progress 07/12/17 to 09/30/17

Outputs
Target Audience: Nothing Reported Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The project has only been underway for a few months without results. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?The results for this experimentalseason will be reported in the next cycle.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? This project wasinitiatedin the fall of 2017. No results are being reported for this cycle.

Publications