Source: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA submitted to NRP
THE ARIZONA PEST MANAGEMENT CENTER: ADDRESSING STATEWIDE IPM PRIORITIES WITH HIGH-IMPACT EXTENSION PROGRAMS
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
OTHER GRANTS
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1013783
Grant No.
2017-70006-27145
Cumulative Award Amt.
$1,100,000.00
Proposal No.
2017-04398
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Sep 1, 2017
Project End Date
Aug 31, 2022
Grant Year
2020
Program Code
[EIP]- Extension Implementation Program
Recipient Organization
UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
888 N EUCLID AVE
TUCSON,AZ 85719-4824
Performing Department
Entomology
Non Technical Summary
Arizona is characterized by extremely productive irrigated agricultural lands, unique flora and fauna, extreme and sensitive environments, and large urban centers made-up of transplanted people and cultures. Our diverse stakeholders require information on the safe and effective management of pests including ways to reduce risks to human health and the environment while sustaining economically viable industry in our state. At the University of Arizona, we have limited and shrinking human and fiscal resources available to address these needs. The Arizona Pest Management Center (APMC), formed in response to stakeholders' demands for greater transparency, engagement and relevance, encompasses the full set of University of Arizona research and Extension resources involved in the implementation of IPM in Arizona. This reorganization of IPM efforts has improved our capacity to identify and address stakeholder IPM needs across all emphasis areas, and to document outcomes and impacts. We support IPM implementation in agricultural, natural and urban environments and systematically measure the economic and environmental impacts of our programs. The APMC provides proven support for stakeholder engagement, needs assessment, strategic planning, outreach and evaluation of IPM in all our systems. It is a structure that both our faculty and partner organizations have embraced.Our overall goal is to sustain and enhance our capacity to develop, implement and evaluate high-impact IPM programs consistent with stakeholder-identified priorities in the following priority areas: IPM Implementation for Agronomic Crops, IPM Implementation for Specialty Crops, IPM Education for Pesticide Applicators and IPM Training and Implementation in Schools. The goal of our IPM programs is to support and advance IPM implementation by end-users in Arizona through a systems approach to education and outreach that empowers pest managers to put IPM knowledge into practice, resulting in measurable reductions in economic, environmental, and human health risks from pests and pest management practices in these diverse environments. We accomplish this through applied research funded through leveraged resources and development and dissemination of educational outputs, as coordinated by leadership teams in each emphasis area. We measure changes in knowledge and practice and impacts of IPM through the development of tools and impact measures and a dedicated IPM Assessment Leadership Team. The expected impact of our overall efforts is increased implementation of IPM in all areas of emphasis and a reduction in environmental, economic and human health risks as a result.
Animal Health Component
(N/A)
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
(N/A)
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
2161710113010%
2161710114010%
2161499113010%
2161499114010%
2161499116010%
2161420113010%
2161420116010%
2166050113010%
2166050114010%
2161420114010%
Knowledge Area
216 - Integrated Pest Management Systems;

Subject Of Investigation
1499 - Vegetables, general/other; 1420 - Melons; 6050 - Communities, areas, and regions; 1710 - Upland cotton;

Field Of Science
1130 - Entomology and acarology; 1160 - Pathology; 1140 - Weed science;
Goals / Objectives
Our overall goal across all focus areas is to enhance our capacity to develop, implement and evaluate high-impact IPM programs consistent with stakeholder-identified priorities in the following emphasis areas: IPM Implementation for Agronomic Crops, IPM Implementation for Specialty Crops, IPM Training and Implementation in Schools, and IPM Education for Pesticide Applicators. The goal of our IPM programs is to support and advance IPM implementation by end-users in Arizona through a coordinated systems approach to education and outreach that empowers pest managers to put IPM knowledge into practice, resulting in measurable reductions in economic, environmental, and health risks from pests and pest management practices in these diverse environments.
Project Methods
Methods. The Arizona Pest Management Center (APMC) was conceived to encompass and enhance the full set of University of Arizona research and Extension resources involved in the implementation of IPM in Arizona. The APMC Director / State IPM Coordinator (program leadership & administrative contact for this grant; Dr. Peter C. Ellsworth) in consultation with the APMC Associate Director / IPM Program Manager (Dr. Al Fournier) and a 20-member multidisciplinary stakeholder advisory group administer the APMC and serve as resources across all program areas. The IPM Coordinator has statewide responsibility for all IPM programs, manages resources, convenes the IPM Coordinating Committee, and submits federal reports, and also serves as state Pesticide Coordinator. The IPM Program Manager manages the daily APMC activities, including communication and faculty support for needs assessment activities, proposal development and program evaluation. He coordinates in-state and multi-state collaborations and sits on all IPM Leadership Teams and provides expertise in IPM Assessment.The APMC is organized into focal areas that reflect both our internal strengths and priority needs as determined through stakeholder engagement. Within each focal area, program teams actively develop, manage, support and implement our IPM programs. Five Assistants in Extension (i.e., Extension educators; AiE) work with our five IPM Teams (Agronomic Crops IPM, Vegetable IPM, Community IPM, Pesticide Safety Education, and IPM Assessment). Most AiEs receive 50% of their salary line through this grant. IPM teams are formed around specific agricultural systems or target audiences and encompass the County Agents and Specialists who provide the full range of IPM expertise (arthropod, weed, vertebrate, pathogen, and nematode pests) in our system. Leadership Teams have been formed from a subset of these experts including, in some cases, stakeholders external to the University with the obligation to oversee IPM program development and to efficiently manage our AiE investments, because of their importance to our efficient functioning in development, dissemination and delivery of high-impact IPM programs.Our methods for implementing the objectives of this grant can be generalized across priority areas as consisting of 4 types of activities: stakeholder engagement, program development (including translational research), program delivery through outreach and education, and program evaluation. Various methods will be used across each type of activity. An example of stakeholder engagement is the leveraged Crop Pest Losses and Impact Assessment Signature Program (funded through the Western IPM Center), in which we will conduct pest manager surveys in a workshop environment to quantify pest losses and pest management needs and practices in key crops. However, stakeholder engagement occurs across all emphasis areas and includes open discussion at meetings, advisory groups and committees, focus groups, participatory research, pest management strategic plans and informal dialog with stakeholders. Program development includes applied research activities engaged in by Specialists and Agents to develop science-based solutions to stakeholder needs. Development of specific program outputs and outreach education plans are facilitated through our IPM Leadership Teams. Fournier and Dixon of the IPM Assessment leadership team coordinate with other teams across focal areas to develop and implement program evaluations.Efforts. Program delivery occurs through workshops, field days, demonstrations, cooperative extension meetings, educational presentations, websites, online videos, smart phone updates, radio broadcasts, newspaper articles, blog entries, newsletters, trade publications, extension publications, reports, stakeholder dialog sessions, needs assessments, crop pest losses surveys, informal discussion groups, one-on-one consultations, scientific publications, presentations and symposia, short courses, database development to track outcomes.Evaluation. IPM assessment is a major focus for the APMC, coordinated through our IPM Assessment Leadership Team with efforts of a dedicated AiE 50% funded through EIPM. Across IPM programs and emphasis areas, we discuss and develop methodologies to document changes in knowledge, changes in practice and condition changes or long-term impacts. Changes in knowledge, attitudes and skills are often assessed in live meetings using audience response technology to implement self-assessments or pre-then-post questionnaires. We also use online survey tools to collect information more broadly across the state for specific target audiences, including changes in knowledge and changes in practice (e.g., adoption of IPM). An example would be our annual online survey of school district IPM practices. In agricultural IPM programs, we engage stakeholders in crop pest losses and impact assessment surveys implemented via face-to-face workshops for key crops (lettuce, cotton), a process that helps us quantify economic impact of key pests and document standard management practices. Our APMC Pesticide Use Database, developed in collaboration with the Arizona Department of Agriculture and user stakeholders, contains over 26 years of Arizona agricultural pesticide use reports with which we have documented impressive reductions in the use (no. of sprays & lbs on the ground) of broad-spectrum insecticides in cotton, lettuce and other crops. Through collaborations with Paul Jepson et al. of Oregon State University's (OSU) Integrated Plant Protection Center, we have developed capacity to quantify risks associated with all types of pesticide use in agricultural crops using the Pesticide Risk Mitigation Engine (ipmPRiME.org), a sophisticated, data-based, peer-reviewed risk assessment and mitigation tool. Through ongoing collaborations with the IPPC and their leveraged Western SARE project, we are further examining drivers of remaining pesticide risk in lettuce and similar pesticide risks in cotton and other crops based on international standards published for Highly Hazardous Pesticides. We will focus on human health risks in particular and promote adoption of mitigating alternatives and/or pesticide substitutions through outreach programs.

Progress 09/01/21 to 08/31/22

Outputs
Target Audience:Our target audience includes Pest Control Advisors (PCAs), growers, agricultural industry representatives, pesticide applicators, State and Federal agencies and pesticide regulators, nursery and landscape industry, associations, commodity groups, Master Gardeners, homeowners, public school staff, non-governmental organizations, pest management professionals, representatives from numerous tribes and tribal organizations, racial and ethnic minorities that work in agricultural and urban sectors. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?As a result of COVID-19, our IPM teams developed innovative methods to reach stakeholders. We employed remote online meetings, webinars and conferences, and during part of this grant cycle were able to hold some hybrid and face-to-face meetings. We saw increases in meeting participation as a result of offering more online learning opportunities. Some of these methods have persisted after some face to face programming resumed. For example, our 5th Annual Statewide School IPM Conference and Pest Management and Pesticide Safety Seminars were held in hybrid format. Methods of program delivery included workshops (online & face to face), field demonstrations, educational presentations, websites, webinars, Zoom conferences and presentations, YouTube videos, newsletters, trade publications, extension publications, expert testimony, crop pest losses surveys, informal discussion groups, one-on-one consultations, scientific publications, presentations and symposia. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Our IPM Teams delivered science-based content to address priority pest management needs identified by diverse audiences. Our programs target growers, pest managers, applicators, school staff, municipalities, landscape professionals and others, including underserved audiences. Note: A no-cost extension was implemented for this project due to pandemic-related limitations on face-to-face activities, which impacted most significantly our school IPM program. Most outcomes for our Specialty Crops IPM and all Agronomic IPM outcomes for this term are reported separately under our 2021 project. We highlight Impacts for each EIP Priority Area below, followed by a description of supporting activities. IPM Implementation for Specialty Crops With leveraged support from the Crop Pest Losses and Impact Assessment Signature Program of the Western IPM Center, and a USDA-NIFA ARDP grant (Murray et. al, 2016) we extended our model for measurement of pest losses, pesticide use and impacts of IPM practices to several specialty crops in the Pacific Northwest. With Oregon State University, we published a collaborative Extension publication on The Economic Impact of Onion Pests in the Treasure Valley (2022), a result of workshops held in Treasure Valley in collaboration with OSU in 2019. Supporting Activities: In earlier grant cycles, with leveraged support, we engaged with OSU Extension professionals, onion growers and pest mangers from the Treasure Valley of Oregon and Idaho. The Crop Pest Losses survey, long implemented in cotton and lettuce in Arizona and southeastern California, was adapted and surveys were run through a computer interface at a face-to-face meeting in 2019. Data were analyzed to develop the report (Murray et. al 2022), which presents the state of the industry in terms of pest losses (insects, weeds, diseases), management tactics (chemical and non-chemical), and economic outcomes. A similar process was followed for other Pacific Northwest crops including hazelnut, cranberries, cherries, potatoes and peppermint. A similar collaborative peppermint report was published by the OSU Extension Service in Feb, 2021 (Murray et al. 2021, previously reported). (See EIP 2021 grant report for additional outcomes and impacts) IPM Implementation for Agronomic Crops (See EIP 2021 grant report for outcomes and impacts) IPM Training and Implementation in Schools The Annual Statewide School IPM Conference targets turf, landscape and structural pest managers, city staff, tribal members, Master Gardeners and others with indoor and outdoor IPM information. Based on a 6-month follow-up survey with 2021 participants: 43% of respondents increased their knowledge 'a great deal' and 50% 'a moderate amount' 48% strongly agreed and 47% somewhat agreed they had adopted at least one new IPM practice as a result of the training 48% indicated that they addressed a specific pest problem of concern using knowledge gained at the conference A Pest Management and Pesticide Safety Seminar in December 2021 had 73 in-person and nearly 100 online participants, most of them working in turf and landscape management for schools, municipalities and golf courses. Based on an in-class survey: 85% of survey respondents said the sessions improved their IPM knowledge 17% said they would and 58% said they might change practices based on what they learned Areas highlighted by participants for likely behavior changes included use of pre-emergent herbicides to enhance resistance management, irrigation and soil improvements, pesticide safety and record keeping practices Supporting Activities: Many on-site activities with our 6 partner "IPM Implementation" school districts were put on hold in 2020 due to COVID concerns and shifting school priorities. In late 2021 and early 2022, we were able to resume some face to face activities with our partner "IPM Implementation" schools and the broader community. For example, team members delivered hands-on support for partner schools to address turf management and herbicide applications; management of witch's broom disease on various Palo Verde trees; helped develop a new and more sustainable school landscape design plan; and assisted with a rodent infestation cleanup. As schools return to pre-pandemic operations, staff member trainings and demonstration workshops are again being requested and will continue to be implemented as conditions permit. We maintained continuous contact with school staff members, provided remote and face-to-face training, site visits, and recommendations. The 2022 Statewide School IPM "inside and out" Conference was held in hybrid (face to face and online) format, and reached (so far) 150 diverse participants, including pest management professionals, landscapers, school building and grounds personnel, municipal and tribal employees. Conference presentations will remain available online through July 2022. We developed and distributed 5 newsletters and 3 Extension publications to over 1,500 subscribers; collaboratively published with Oregon State University four IPM guidelines for management of bed bugs and ants in schools; and responded to priority pest management issues at schools. IPM Training for Pesticide Applicators Leveraged by the Western IPM Center Crop Pest Losses and Impact Assessment Signature Program and an Arizona Specialty Crop Block Grant, we develop data and stakeholder input to respond to EPA calls for public comment on pesticide registration reviews for the Desert Southwest states. Our goal is to educate end users about potential human health and environmental risks of pesticides while supporting their continued safe use, whenever feasible, within IPM programs. We also seek to increase awareness of the review process and opportunities to provide input. In a 2021 survey of EPA Pesticide Registration Comment Newsletter participants (n=22, about 10% response rate), 95% of respondents agreed (strongly agreed / somewhat agreed) that, as a result of our newsletter, they are more informed about: pesticides under review (77% / 18%) policy decisions that may impact them (81% / 14%) deadlines to submit comments (76% / 19%) the potential risks of pesticides (59%/27%) In addition, 95% (76% / 19%) said they had improved access to submit comments to EPA 81% (52% / 29%) felt more empowered to influence policy decisions at the federal level as a result of resources we have developed. Supporting Activities: Growers, pest managers and pesticide applicators continue to make up audiences at many Extension trainings and presentations. IPM figures prominently in these meetings, with topics including insect, weed and disease management, resistance management, biological control, use of reduced risk selective pesticides and updates on the latest IPM tactics and new technologies. This term, at least 119 Continuing Education Units were provided at meetings, workshops, conferences, webinars with IPM and pesticide safety topics, reaching nearly 4,000 participants. Improvement of pesticide risk communication has become an important focus across all IPM programs and outputs. We published and promoted new Cotton insect management guidelines (Bordini et. al 2020, previously reported) that incorporate information on human health and ecological risks of insecticides into the decision matrix. Consideration of pesticide risk alongside efficacy, mode of action, and insecticide selectivity helps growers make informed choices that reduce risk. Risk communication has become a frequent presentation topic among diverse Extension audiences. A video of a presentation by Fournier et al. (2022) on this topic was provided at the International IPM Symposium.

Publications

  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2022 Citation: Murray, K., I. Sandlin, P.C. Ellsworth, P. Jepson, A.J. Fournier, H. Luh and S. Reitz. 2022. The Economic Impact of Onion Pests in the Treasure Valley: A Look at Pests and Associated Pest Management Practices, 2018  2019. Oregon State University Extension Service, Oregon State University. Publication EM 9347. (34pp.) https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/sites/catalog/files/project/pdf/em9347.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Li, S., Gouge, D.H., Nair, S., Graham, L., Fournier, A.J. and Umeda, K. 2021. Beware of Fire Ant Stings. IPM Short. University of Arizona. Arizona Pest Management Center; University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. AZ1954. October, 2021. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1954-2021.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2022 Citation: Nair, S., Gouge, D.H., Li, S., Schuch, U. 2022. Roof Rats in Sensitive Environments  Keep them away with landscape management and IPM. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/community-ipm/home-and-school-ipm-newsletters/ipm-newsletter-view/ipm-newsletters/2022/04/08/roof-rats-in-sensitive-environments-keep-them-away-with-landscape-management-and-ipm
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Gouge, D. H. and Stock, T. 2021. Bed Bugs in the Classroom. Pacific Northwest Extension Publishing. PNW 756 2pp. Sept, 2021. https://extension.oregonstate.edu/pub/pnw-756
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nair, S., Gouge, D.H., Li, S. and Walker, K. 2021. Personal repellents. IPM Brochure Trifold  (Quick read-English). University of Arizona Cooperative Extension publication AZ1955. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1955-2021.pdf October 2021.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nair, S., Gouge, D.H., Li, S. and Walker, K. 2021. Repelentes de mosquitos y garrapatas. IPM Brochure Trifold  (Quick read-Spanish). University of Arizona Cooperative Extension publication AZ 1955S.https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1955S-2021.pdf October 2021.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Reese, S., Gouge, D. H., T. Stock, R. Corrigan, S. Li, and S. Nair. 2021. House Mice: A Guide for Property Managers. Stop Pests in Housing. http://www.stoppests.org/stoppests/assets/File/StopPests_org%20IPM%20for%20House%20Mice_110521.pdf November 2021.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nair, S., Gouge, D.H., and Li, S. 2021. Chinches: lo que los proveedores de cuidados en el hogar y los trabajadores sociales deben saber. (Trifold brochure-Spanish). University of Arizona Cooperative Extension publication AZ 1804S.https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1804S-2021.pdf October 2021.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2022 Citation: Stock, T. and Gouge, D. H. 2021. Integrated Pest Management for Ants in Schools. Oregon State University PNW761. 10pp. Jan, 2022. https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/sites/catalog/files/project/pdf/pnw761.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Gouge, D. H. and Stock, T. 2021. Integrated Pest Management for Bed Bugs in Schools. Oregon State University PNW 757. 13pp. Sept, 2021. https://extension.oregonstate.edu/pub/pnw-757
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2022 Citation: Stock, T. and Gouge, D. H. and 2021. Ants in the Classroom. Pacific Northwest Extension Publishing. PNW762. 2pp. Jan, 2022. https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/sites/catalog/files/project/pdf/pnw762.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Gouge, D., S. Nair, L. Rose, M. Nelson, J. Hurley, T. Stock, S. Li, V. McGregor. 2021. What You Need to Know About Disinfectant Wipes. Arizona Cooperative Extension newsletter. Republished by University of California Statewide IPM Program, IPM News, Vol. 11, No. 2, Summer 2021. http://ipm.ucanr.edu/PDF/PUBS/Summer_2021_Retail_Newsletter.pdf
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nair, S., Gouge, D.H., Umeda, K., Schuch, U., Fournier, A.J., Li, S. 2021. Arizona School IPM Conference: Adapting to changing times. 2021 Entomological Society of America Annual Conference. On-Demand Program.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Fournier, A.J., K. Umeda, W.A. Dixon II. 2021. Response to EPA Proposed Interim Decision for Oxadiazon: Uses on Arizona Turfgrass. Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0782. 10/04/21.https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/comment-reponses/oxadiazon_pid_10-04-21_vf.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Gouge, D.H., Lame, M.L., Stock, T.W., Rose, L.F., Hurley, J.A., Lerman, D.L., Nair, S., Nelson, M. A., Gangloff-Kaufmann, J., McSherry, L., Green, T.A. 2021. Improving Environmental Health in Schools White Paper - A Vision for Advancing Equitable Environmental Health Standards in Learning Environments  An Environmental Justice Initiative. (White paper). https://schoolipm.tamu.edu/files/2022/01/Improving-Environmental-Health-in-Schools_11052021.pdf


Progress 09/01/17 to 08/31/22

Outputs
Target Audience:Our target audience includes licensed Pest Control Advisors (PCAs), growers, pesticide applicators, agricultural industry representatives, distributors, nursery and landscape industry, associations, commodity groups, Master Gardeners, homeowners, public school staff and administrators, non-governmental organizations, urban pest management professionals, environmental health professionals, State and Federal agencies including pesticide regulators, representatives from numerous tribes and tribal organizations, racial and ethnic minorities that work in agricultural and urban sectors. Changes/Problems:No problems were encountered. However, please note the the low number of products listed is due to the short timeframe between our last progress report (June 2022) and the end of the project (Aug 2022). We do not wish to repeat entries for products from previous reports in the NIFA database. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?This project has provided significant professional development opportunities for two graduate students with work related to the Agronomic Crops and Specialty Crops IPM focus areas. Ms. Naomi Pier, who is completed her MS Degree in Entomology and Insect Science in 2022, and Ms. Isadora Bordini who completed her MS Degree and is pursuing a Ph.D. in Entomology and Insect Science. Both of them also are employed full time as Assistants in Extension in our programs, and Dr. Peter Ellsworth serves as Major Advisor to both students. They are working, respectively, on projects related to the link between insecticide use patterns and patterns of insecticide resistance among whitefly populations (Pier), and on examining non-target impacts of selective insecticides (and research methods related to this, Bordini). Both of their research projects have been major areas of focus in IPM outreach over this grant cycle, and both of them have gained valuable experience developing outreach materials and presentations for growers and pest managers. Both of their projects are highly leveraged through other grants, but our growers and pest control advisors have greatly benefited from their work through their Extension presentations being fully integrated into team outreach efforts. At least five members of IPM teams at the Arizona Pest Management Center have been active participants in the Western Region work group on Pesticide Risk Reduction through Professional Development, led by Paul Jepson of Oregon State University and previously funded through a USDA-SARE grant. This includes regular conference calls focused on topics such as understanding risk assessments, how to evaluate levels of pesticide risk and hazard based on tools and standards in the literature, and how to integrate effective communication about pesticide risk into Extension programs. Some of us participated in a face-to-face workshop held in Portland, OR in May 2018, following the WERA 1017 meeting, which was a follow up to a successful workshop held July 2017 in Irvine, CA. At both of those workshops, Arizona participants (Gouge, Ellsworth, Fournier, Wierda and Pier) gave presentations or worked in groups to develop pesticide risk case studies. Through these interactions, we have all learned a great deal about pesticide risk and hazards and how to improve Extension IPM communications and publications to better reduce risks from the most hazardous of pesticides. Training we have put to good use, and which has influenced our programs, our outputs and our stakeholders. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?A wide range of delivery methods are used to disseminate IPM information to end-users, including workshops (online & face to face), field demonstrations, educational presentations, websites, webinars, smart phone updates, newspaper articles, Zoom conferences and presentations, YouTube videos, newsletters, trade publications, extension publications, expert testimony, crop pest losses surveys, informal discussion groups, one-on-one consultations, blog posts, social media, scientific publications, presentations and symposia. During the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, our IPM teams developed innovative methods to reach stakeholders. We employed online meetings, webinars and conferences, as well as hybrid online/face-to-face meetings. We saw increases in meeting participation as a result of offering more online learning opportunities. Some of these methods have been sustained even after face-to-face programming resumed. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Impact Statement Project impacts detailed below include improved end-user knowledge and adoption of reduce-risk IPM practices, documented reductions in broad-spectrum pesticide use and associated environmental benefits, as well grower savings. Outputs Teams conducted applied research and outreach to address stakeholder priorities. Delivered 143 Extension publications, 127 newsletters, and provided 854 CEUs at meetings, workshops and conferences, reaching over 18,000 people. We produced 31 peer-reviewed scientific publications and presented 51 papers at academic conferences, reaching hundreds of scientists and Extension professionals. We expanded our reach to tribal audiences, engaging with 15 tribes in Arizona and over 30 nationwide, with 660 participants at tribal events one year alone. IPM Implementation in Specialty Crops Delivered 95+ Vegetable IPM Updates to about 1,000 followers (often picked up in the ag press) to communicate timely IPM tips, pest management guidelines for insects, weeds and diseases, areawide pest sampling data, educational videos and more. As a result of our programs, specialty crop producers and pest managers have adopted IPM practices and reported economic and environmental benefits: 90% of survey respondents say they make management decisions based on reduced-risk recommendations from UA IPM Team. 80% agree that the fresh produce industry has adopted reduced risk practices due to UA Vegetable IPM Team's activities. 85% have reduced their reliance on broadly toxic pesticides. 86% say their operation's economic returns and yields have improved "much" (34%) or "somewhat" (52%) due to adoption of IPM practices. Based on survey data, we estimate average grower operations saved between $480k to $1.5mil annually on insect management alone. Conducted research and outreach on desert-adapted guayule, an indigenous rubber source, in response to Arizona's water crisis. IPM methods developed to control flea beetles include companion plantings and alternative chemistries. Developed efficacy data to support new SLN insecticide registrations. 93% of participants at field days indicated our research was likely to influence their practices. We extended our Crop Pest Losses and Impact Assessment model to specialty crops in the Pacific Northwest (onions, hazelnut, cranberries, cherries, potatoes and peppermint), with leveraged support from a Western IPM Center Signature Program and a USDA-NIFA ARDP grant. Published results for two crops with Oregon State University. The Arizona vegetable industry established an Endowed Chair for Vegetable Entomology at UA and nominated Dr. John Palumbo, indicating the value they place on our IPM applied research and Extension programs. IPM Implementation for Agronomic Crops Pest managers are replacing broad spectrum pesticides with lower risk, selective pesticides as a result of our cotton IPM program. In 2021, 85% of all arthropod sprays used fully selective materials that preserve biological control. Growers averaged 1.9 insecticide sprays season long. Based on the most recent analysis, cotton growers saved >$542 million in cumulative pest management costs between 1996 and 2017, as a result of adopting new technologies and IPM recommendations. Economic analyses showed that 42% of this gain was due to conservation biological control. In 2019, pest managers estimated the economic value of conservation biological control in cotton at an average of $85 per acre, nearly double the estimate from 4 years earlier. We have evaluated non-target effects (selectivity) of reduced-risk insecticides in cotton and published revised cotton insect management guidelines. In surveys, 72% of meeting participants surveyed increased knowledge about insecticide selectivity and risk reduction. 93% indicated IPM research was likely to influence future insecticide applications decisions. Developed and promoted adoption of "predator thresholds" that show growers how to advance or defer a spray based on the presence and number of specific predators. This work has been published, presented at Extension meetings and internationally to more than in Australia to 55 scientists in Australia and Brazil at professional Entomology meetings. Guidelines have been developed into a laminated vehicle "visor guide" in English and Spanish, sponsored by Corteva and FMC, respectively. Research on brown stink bug control in cotton showed that not spraying for this insect increased economic returns for growers across all pests. After outreach, growers reduced sprays from 39% of acres to 3% of acres, saving over $8 million in just 1 year. Added new insecticides to, and fully integrated insecticide risk into cotton insect management guidelines, supporting grower use of effective, selective, reduced-risk insecticides. Collaborated with Better Cotton, a nonprofit organization, to develop insights into North American use practices for seven "highly hazardous" insecticides (as classified in international guidelines). This involved review of EPA risk analyses and in-depth interviews with Extension scientists throughout the cotton belt. Our report provides region-specific recommendations to help transition growers away from higher risk insecticides toward more sustainable practices. IPM Training and Implementation in Schools The Annual Statewide School IPM Conference targets school staff and other diverse stakeholders with indoor and outdoor IPM interests. Based on a 6-month follow-up survey with 2021 participants: 83% of respondents increased their knowledge 'a great deal' (43%) or 'a moderate amount' (50%). 95% agreed strongly (48%) or somewhat (47%) that they had adopted at least one new IPM practice as a result of the training. 48% indicated that they addressed a specific pest problem using knowledge gained at the conference. In 2020 and 2021, we quickly addressed stakeholder needs related to COVID-19, delivering one-on-one advice, online presentations and publications on virus concerns, disinfectants and PPE, which reached Arizona schools and an audience of thousands nationally. The School IPM Inside and Out Program targets school staff in 6 partner school districts. We conduct inspections, make IPM recommendations and train school staff (landscapers, custodians, kitchen staff, nurses, etc.). Partner schools serve as a hub for broader trainings, such as our Annual School IPM Conference. In collaboration with industry partners, established the Southwest Rodent Academy. The academy curricula improve knowledge of rodent ecology and IPM for industry professionals. 260 professionals graduated (2018-2022) after attending lectures by leading experts and participating in hands-on activities emulating real-life scenarios. Its popularity led industry participants to request a similar Termite Academy, established in 2019 with 198 graduates in its first 3 years. IPM Training for Pesticide Applicators Growers, pest managers and pesticide applicators attend Extension trainings. IPM topics typically including insect, weed and disease management, resistance management, biological control, use of reduced risk selective pesticides and IPM research updates. A survey of Pesticide Safety Seminar participants in December 2021 indicated: 85% of participants said the sessions improved their IPM knowledge. 17% said they would and 58% said they might change practices based on what they learned. Likely behavior changes included use of pre-emergent herbicides to enhance resistance management, irrigation and soil improvements, pesticide safety and record keeping practices. We have integrated information on pesticide risks into IPM Extension programs, presentations and publications to support choices that reduce human and environmental health risks. Delivered presentations on pesticide risk communication and risk reduction to diverse end-users and academic audiences (e.g., International IPM Symposium, Fournier et al. 2022)

Publications

  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2022 Citation: Palumbo, J.C. 2022. Insecticide Usage on Conventional and Organic Lettuce in the Desert, 2021-2022. Vegetable IPM Update, Vol. 13, No. 13. University of Arizona. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/agricultural-ipm-documents/vegetable-ipm-updates/2022/220629-insecticide-usage-on-desert-lettuce-2021-22.pdf
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2022 Citation: Teresa Joy, Minhao Chen, Joshua Arnbrister, Daniel Williamson, Shujuan Li, Shakunthala Nair, Maureen Brophy, Valerie Madera Garcia, Kathleen Walker, Kacey Ernst, Dawn Gouge, Yves Carriere, Michael A Riehle. 2022. Assessing Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) for Evaluation of Aedes aegypti Population Age Structure. Insects. 2022, 13(4): 360. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13040360
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2022 Citation: Gouge, D.H. and Stock, T.W. Flies in the Kitchen. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/community-ipm/home-and-school-ipm-newsletters/ipm-newsletter-view/ipm-newsletters/2022/06/10/flies-in-the-kitchen
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2022 Citation: Gouge, D.H., Li, S., Bibbs, C. and Nair, S. Living with and Managing Scorpions. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/default-document-library/az-schoolipmnewsletter-aug2022.pdf/


Progress 09/01/20 to 08/31/21

Outputs
Target Audience: Pest Control Advisors (PCAs), growers, agricultural industry representatives, pesticide applicators, State and Federal agencies and pesticide regulators, nursery and landscape industry, associations, commodity groups, Master Gardeners, homeowners, public school staff, non-governmental organizations, pest management professionals, representatives from numerous tribes and tribal organizations, racial and ethnic minorities that work in agricultural and urban sectors. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?This project has provided significant professional development opportunities for two graduate students with work related to the Agronomic Crops IPM priority area. Ms. Naomi Pier, who is completing her MS Degree in Entomology and Insect Science, and Ms. Isadora Bordini who completed her MS Degree and is pursuing a Ph.D in Entomology and Insect Science. Both of them also are employed full time as Assistants in Extension in our programs, and Dr. Peter Ellsworth serves as Major Advisor to both students. They are working, respectively, on projects related to the link between insecticide use patterns and patterns of insecticide resistance among whitefly populations, and on examining non-target impacts of selective insecticides (and research methods related to this). Both of their research projects have been major areas of focus in IPM outreach over this grant cycle, and both of them have gained valuable experience developing outreach materials and presentations for growers and pest managers. Both of their projects are highly leveraged through other grants, but our growers and pest control advisors have greatly benefited from their work through our Extension and outreach efforts. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?As a result of COVID-19, our IPM teams developed innovative methods to reach stakeholders. Some of these methods have persisted after some face to face programming resumed in 2021. We employed remote online meetings, webinars and conferences, and during part of this grant cycle were able to hold some hybrid and face-to-face meetings. Extension collaborations with tribal environmental health professionals provided improved distribution of IPM information (particularly public-health related) to members of several Arizona-based Indian tribes. We tended to see increases in meeting participation as a result of offering more online learning opportunities. For example, our Annual Statewide School IPM Conference jumped from 56 participants face to face in 2019, to 112 online in 2020, and 205 online for the second time in 2021. In 2021, many of our programs returned to providing at least some face to face events. Methods of program delivery included workshops (online & face to face), field days, cooperative extension meetings, educational presentations, websites, webinars, Zoom conferences and presentations, YouTube videos, smart phone updates, newspaper articles, videos, video demonstrations, radio broadcasts, IPM guidelines, newsletters, trade publications, extension publications, reports, stakeholder dialog sessions, needs assessments, crop pest losses surveys, informal discussion groups, one-on-one consultations, scientific publications, presentations and symposia. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Impacts: Specialty crop producers and pest managers have adopted IPM practices and reported economic benefits. Nearly 90% of survey respondents made management decisions based on recommendations from the UA Vegetable IPM Team; 86% say their operation's economic returns and yields have improved "much" (34%) or "somewhat" (52%) due to adoption of IPM practices; 80% agree that the fresh produce industry has adopted reduced risk practices due to UA Vegetable IPM Team's activities, while 85% say that their reliance on broadly toxic pesticides has been reduced. We conducted research and outreach on desert-adapted guayule, an indigenous plant source for rubber, with low irrigation needs, in response to Arizona's water crisis. IPM methods developed to control flea beetles include companion plantings and alternative chemistries. We developed efficacy data to support registrations for reduced-risk insecticides. Extension trainings increased grower and pest manager knowledge of new IPM methods. About 93% of participants indicated that IPM research was likely to influence their future insecticide applications decisions in guayule. Our Agronomic Crops IPM stakeholders (72% of those surveyed) increased their knowledge of insecticide selectivity and reduced-risk IPM approaches in cotton. Teachings on predator thresholds and selectivity improved pest manager confidence in their control decisions. Our Cotton Pest Losses surveys have documented improved adoption of selective, reduced risk pesticides to manage pests, and resulting economic savings. In 2020, an average of only 1.99 sprays were required for season-long control of arthropod pests in AZ cotton. Over 21% of upland cotton acreage did not receive a foliar spray for arthropod pests. Fully selective insecticides comprised 86% of AZ and about 50% of Southeastern CA cotton insecticide sprays, reducing risks to human health, non-target organisms and the environment. Since 1996, integration of new technologies and the cotton IPM plan have saved growers over $542mil. As a result of IPM programs, at least 4 tribes have adopted IPM approaches in their vector control programs, which will improve human health, reduce risk associated with vectors, and protect over 24,300 community members from the vector-borne diseases. Addressing Objectives: We delivered 41 Extension publications (19 peer-reviewed), 38 newsletters, 20 conference presentations and provided at least 198 CEUs at 68 meetings, workshops, conferences, reaching about 4200 participants. Our overall objective across Priority Areas is to support and advance IPM implementation by end-users through a coordinated, systems approach to education and outreach that empowers pest managers to put IPM knowledge into practice. (100% complete) IPM Implementation for Specialty Crops Deliver Veg IPM Updates (advisories) biweekly year-round via smart phone, email and website. (100% complete). Delivered 28 updates over 14 months to over 1,000 participants. Provided practical timely pest management information for insects, weeds, diseases, weather, and farm mechanization. Conduct at least 3 IPM demonstration workshops / field tours annually. (100% complete) o Delivered 3 demonstration-based field days and workshops. Topics included lettuce downy mildew, Impatiens necrotic spot virus and Guayule production and pest management, reaching over 300 participants. Provide over 50 CEUs related to IPM annually via specialty crop IPM trainings statewide. (100% complete) o Delivered 50+ CEUs at training events reaching over 900 participants, sustaining a well-trained, professional community of pest managers. 2 New/revised peer-reviewed Extension publications (100% complete) Published 3 peer-reviewed Extension publications related to specialty crops. Published 25 Vegetable Insect IPM new or updated fact sheets / guidelines to accompany Veg IPM Updates. Topics included whitefly management, aphid scouting and identification, INSV, thrips management, etc. IPM Implementation for Agronomic Crops Implement demonstration trials and organize clientele meetings and field tours to demonstrate IPM results in collaboration with faculty (3 annually, 100% complete). Conducted 3 cotton trials (2 at MAC, 1 in Casa Grande grower's field), 8 alfalfa trials (MAC); no in-person field demonstrations due to COVID restrictions. Deliver IPM education at Cooperative Extension trainings (9 annually), and through presentations at statewide conferences to deliver the latest pest management research to clientele (30-50 CEUs annually, 100% complete). Delivered 69 CEUs in 17 virtual & hybrid meetings reaching 550 people. Topics included Predator Thresholds, technology rollout for Thryvon Cotton, cotton heat stress, selective pesticides, biological control and resistance management. Develop new Extension publications for print and online distribution (6 per year). This will include "Field Crops IPM Shorts" and other mobile-friendly e-outlets. (100% complete) Delivered 6 IPM shorts/bulletins; 3 Extension publications on diseases of cotton; 2 email newsletters. Training Topics and Innovations: Conducted research and Extension trainings on the Thryvon cotton trait, examining efficacy on Lygus and selectivity towards non-target arthropods, including key natural enemies and Western Flower Thrips. Established Palmer Amaranth Resistance Working Group comprised industry, government and university stakeholders; developed maps of potentially resistant populations and deployed education campaign. Due to COVID19 restrictions, held online workshops, which increased attendance of diverse participants. Innovative outreach methods established are expected to remain in practice. IPM Training and Implementation in Schools Continue IPM implementation program in 8 schools, including: needs assessments and IPM recommendations; hands-on trainings; annual evaluations of participating schools. (100% complete) Worked remotely (Due to COVID-19) with 8 partner Arizona schools, providing IPM recommendations and impacting pest management practices to reduce risk. 3 demonstration workshops targeting school personnel, pest managers and pesticide applicators. (100% complete) Conducted 8 online trainings covering indoor and outdoor pest management topics. Address need-based priority pest issues in 10 school districts and conduct 3 on-site trainings annually. (100% complete) Addressed 18 Need-based priority pest issues in AZ schools (11 phone and 7 site visits) offering hands-on demonstration solutions to high-priority pest issues. Deliver 6 need-based IPM workshops on priority topics. 8 need-based online IPM trainings were conducted. Deliver annual school IPM conference. (100% complete) Held 4th Annual statewide IPM conference online, with record 205 participants. 89% of participants acquired new information and 88% said they would use information in their jobs or daily life. 3 extension publications, 9 newsletters, 2 fact sheets produced and distributed annually. (100% complete) Delivered 8 new or revised Extension publications, 6 factsheets and 9 newsletters, many distributed nationally. IPM Training for Pesticide Applicators Deliver IPM education and technical resources for pesticide applicators, growers and PCAs at Cooperative Extension trainings, workshops and field days in collaboration with IPM teams (at least 3 annually, 100% Complete). Team trainings routinely integrate IPM information for applicators. Topics included management of herbicide resistant Palmer amaranth, chemical storage practices, and pesticide risk communication (6+ presentations). Across all priority areas, delivered 198 CEUs to applicators at IPM trainings. We Integrated information on pesticide risks into IPM Extension programs and outputs, in presentations, publications (e.g., cotton insecticide guidelines) to support selection of reduced-risk pesticides over higher-risk products, to reduce human and environmental health risks.

Publications

  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Walker, K.C., Gouge, D.H., Riehle, M., Ernst, K.C., Williamson, D., Li, S., Arnbrister, J., and Nair, S. 2020. Impacts of ULV adulticiding on the vectorial capacity of the Zike vector, Aedes aegypti. 2020 Entomological Society of America Virtual Annual Meeting. November 11  25, 2020.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Nair, S., Gouge, D.H., and Li, S. 2020. Schools during the COVID situation  how does IPM help? 2020 Entomological Society of America Virtual Annual Meeting. November 11  25, 2020.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Nair, S., Gouge, D.H., K. Umeda, Li, S., Fournier, A.J., Schuch, U. Does implementation of school IPM need supporting legislation? Poster presentation. 2020 Entomological Society of America Virtual Annual Meeting. November 11-25, 2020.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Li, S. Itchy Bugs and Updates on Products; Cockroaches: More than a Nuisance. 4th Annual School IPM Conference (Virtual), April 19 - May 31, 2021. Organized by the University of Arizona. 208 participants. 1,248 CEUs. 24 NEHA CEUs.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nair, S. 2021. Whats wrong with my agaves? Southwest Horticulture. July-August 2021 Vol 38 (4): 4-5. Arizona Nursery Association.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Pimentel, E., Helgesen, J., Sherman-Warne, J. and Li, S. 2020. The new US-Mexico Border 2025 Environmental Program  Whats unique and relevant to tribes in the border region. Presentation and panel discussion, 2020 Tribal/EPA Region 9 Conference. October 6-7, 13-14, and 20-21, 2020. 90 participants.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Li, S., Gouge, D.H., Fournier, A.J., Nair, S., Dorame-Avalos, A., Reese, S.K., Brophy, M., Walker, K.C., Ernst, K.C., Ellsworth, P.C. and Teegerstrom, T. 2020. Public Health IPM Education  Honoring and empowering tribal nations and indigenous peoples. 2020 Entomological Society of America Virtual Annual Meeting. November 11-25, 2020. 1220 views. On-demand presentation available for 3068 meeting registrants.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Bordini I., A. Fournier, S. Naranjo, N. Pier, P.C. Ellsworth. 2020. Cotton Insecticide Use Guide  Knowing and Balancing Risks. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-shorts/CottonInsecticideRisk.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Ellsworth, P.C., I. Bordini, N. Pier. 2021. ThryvOn" Cotton, Frequently Asked Questions. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://repository.arizona.edu/handle/10150/659845
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Ellsworth, P.C., I. Bordini, N. Pier. 2021. Tips on How to Manage Lygus Efficiently in ThryvOnTM Cotton. Presentation Handout. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/presentations/2021/21thryvonfaq-tent-talk-handoutvf.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Ellsworth, P.C., N.M. Pier, A.J. Fournier, S.E. Naranjo, 2020. Utilizaci�n de Depredadores en Algod�n. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-shorts/ptoplaminatespanishbayer.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Ellsworth, P.C., N. Pier, W.E. Hall. 2021. Potential Pest of Arizona Pecans: Rapid Communication. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-shorts/Neurocolpus
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Evancho, B., W. McCloskey, N. Pier, K. Caffrey. 2021. Resistant Palmer Amaranth Control  Best Management Practices. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-shorts/palmerbmp
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Gouge, D.H., Li, S., Nair, S., Brophy, M., Walker, and Andrade-Sanchez, P. August 2021. Mosquitoes (English). Extension Publication. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. AZ1873. Trifold (Quick Read) https://extension.arizona.edu/pubs/mosquitoes-quick-read
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Gouge, D.H., Li, S., Nair, S., Brophy, M., Walker, and Andrade-Sanchez, P. Agosto 2021. Mosquitos (Mosquitoes in Spanish). Extension Publication. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. AZ1873. Trifold (Quick Read) https://extension.arizona.edu/pubs/mosquitoes-quick-read-espa%C3%B1ol
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Gouge, D.H., Li, S., Nair, S., Brophy, M. Walker, K., Sumner, C. and Ramberg, F. 2021. Mosquitoes and Disease Concerns. Extension Publication. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. AZ1912. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1912-2021.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Gouge, D.H. and Venkat, H. 2021. Rabies Risk Reduction. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. AZ1874. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1874-2021.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Hall, W.E., J.D. Sherman, W. Moore, P.C. Ellsworth, N. Pier. 2021. First Detection of Pecan Bud Moth in Arizona. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-shorts/PBM
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Hu, A. 2020. Pierces Disease of Grape. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. AZ1861. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1861-2020.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Hu, A. 2020. Phytophthora Rots of Apple and Pistachio. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. AZ1862. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1862-2020.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Hu, A. 2021. Cotton Root Rot. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. AZ1919. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1919-2021.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Hu, A. 2021. Verticillium Wilt of Cotton. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. AZ1936. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1936-2021.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Hu, A. 2021. Verticillium Wilt of Pistachio. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. AZ1930. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1930-2021.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Hu, A., R. Norton. 2020. Symptom Identification and Management of Cotton Seedling Diseases. AZ1856. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1856-2020.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Li, S., Gouge, D.H., Brophy, M., Nair, S., Walker, K. and Andrade-Sanchez, P. 2021. Brown dog ticks and Rocky Mountain spotted fever (English). IPM Brochure. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. AZ1935. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1935-2021.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Li, S., Gouge, D.H., Nair, S., and Fournier, A. 2021 (revised from 2015). Head Lice: Identification, Biology, and Integrated Pest Management. Extension Publication. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. AZ1687. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1687-2021.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Li, S., Gouge, D.H., Nair, S., Graham, L., Fournier, A.J. and Umeda, K. 2021. Beware of Fire Ant Stings. IPM Short. University of Arizona. Arizona Pest Management Center; University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. AZ1954. https://extension.arizona.edu/pubs/beware-fire-ant-stings; https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1954-2021.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Li, S., Gouge, D.H., Ruberto, I., Nair, S., Fournier, A.J. and Hall, W.E. 2021. What You Should Know About Kissing Bugs. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. https://extension.arizona.edu/what-you-should-know-about-kissing-bugs
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Murray, K., I. Sandlin, P. Ellsworth, P. Jepson, A. Fournier, H. Luh, D. Walenta. 2021. Measuring the Economic Impact of Pests and Pest Management on Oregon Peppermint. Oregon State University Extension Service. Publication number EM-9303. https://catalog.extension.oregonstate.edu/sites/catalog/files/project/pdf/em9309.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Li, S. and J. Weber. 2020. Protecting your flocks from external parasites  mites and lice. Extension Publication. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. AZ1858. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1858-2020.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nair, S., Gouge, D.H., Li, S. and Walker, K. 2021. Use of Personal Repellents for Protection Against Mosquitoes and Ticks. IPM Brochure. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. AZ1913. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1913-2021.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nair, S., D.H. Gouge, and A.C. Murillo. 2021. Backyard chickens and ectoparasites: Introduction and management. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension publication AZ1878-2021. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1878-2021.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Palumbo, J.C. 2021. Whitefly Management in Spring Melons - 2021. Vegetable IPM Update, Vol. 12, No. 8. University of Arizona https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/agricultural-ipm-documents/vegetable-ipm-updates/2021/210421-whitefly-control-chart_spring-melons-2021.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Nair, S., Gouge, D.H., Mostafa, A., Li, S., Umeda, K. and Li-Byarlay, H. 2020. Wild Honey Bees in Community Environments  Identification, Biology, and Reducing Risks. Extension Publication. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. AZ1846. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1846-2020.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Palumbo, J.C. 2021. Insecticide Modes of Action on Desert Produce Crops. Vegetable IPM Update, Vol. 12, No. 6. University of Arizona https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/agricultural-ipm-documents/vegetable-ipm-updates/2021/210324-insecticide-moa-groups-vegetables_2021.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Palumbo, J.C. 2021. Western Flower Thrips Management on Desert Produce. Vegetable IPM Update, Vol. 12, No. 5. University of Arizona. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/agricultural-ipm-documents/vegetable-ipm-updates/2021/210310-insect-management-on-desert-produce_thrips_2021.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Palumbo, J.C. 2021. Lettuce Aphid on Desert Lettuce -2021. Vegetable IPM Update, Vol. 12, No. 3. University of Arizona. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/agricultural-ipm-documents/vegetable-ipm-updates/2021/210210-lettuce-aphid-on-desert-produce-2021.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Palumbo, J.C. 2020. Diamondback Moth on Desert Cole Crops, 2016-2020. Vegetable IPM Update, Vol. 11, No. 17. University of Arizona. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/agricultural-ipm-documents/vegetable-ipm-updates/2020/200819-impact-of-dbm-on-az-cole-crops-survey-2019-20.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Palumbo, J.C. 2020. Insecticide Usage on Desert Lettuce, 2019-2020. Vegetable IPM Update, Vol. 11, No. 16. University of Arizona. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/agricultural-ipm-documents/vegetable-ipm-updates/2020/200805-insecticide-usage-on-desert-lettuce-2019-20.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Palumbo, J.C. 2020. 2020 Guidelines for Whitefly / CYSDV Management on Fall Melons. Vegetable IPM Update, Vol. 11, No. 15. University of Arizona. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/agricultural-ipm-documents/vegetable-ipm-updates/2020/200722_2020-whitefly-cysdv-guidelines.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Palumbo, J.C. 2020. Ten Years of Bagrada Bug on Desert Cole Crops. Vegetable IPM Update, Vol. 11, No. 12. University of Arizona. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/default-document-library/200610-bagrada-bug-survey_2019_-ten-year-summary.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Pier N., P.C. Ellsworth. 2020. Cotton Fleahoppers in Cotton. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-shorts/cfhcotton
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Reese, S., Li, S., Gouge, D. H. 2020. Integrated Pest Management for Bed Bugs  A Guide for Property Managers. Stop Pests in Housing. http://www.stoppests.org/stoppests/assets/File/Bed-bug-guide-for-property-managers-v11.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Reese, S., Li, S., Gouge, D. H. 2020. Integrated Pest Management for German Cockroaches  A Guide for Property Managers. Stop Pests in Housing. http://www.stoppests.org/stoppests/assets/File/Cockroach-guide-for-property-managers-v10.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Umeda, K., D. Kopec, and S. Nair. 2021. Annual bluegrass (Poa annua) control in non-overseeded bermudagrass and winter overseeded turfgrasses in low desert Arizona. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension publication AZ1885-2021. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1885-2021.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Umeda, K., S. Nair, and M. Chamberland. 2021. Clear up the confusion: Know how to select the appropriate herbicide to control weeds. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension publication AZ1914-2021. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1914-2021.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Nair, S., Gouge, D.H., Li, S. December 2020. Year-End Landscape and Turf Tips. Arizona Pest Management Center. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/community-ipm/home-and-school-ipm-newsletters/ipm-newsletter-view/ipm-newsletters/2020/12/15/year-end-landscape-and-turf-tips
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Weber, J. and Li, S. 2020. Protecting Your Flocks from External Parasites  Mites and Lice (Control de Parasitos Externos en Aves de Corral). (In Spanish) https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1858S-2020.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Li, S., M. Brophy, D.H. Gouge, S. Nair, K. Walker. September 2020. Brown Dog Ticks and Repellents. School and Home IPM Newsletter. Arizona Pest Management Center. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/community-ipm/home-and-school-ipm-newsletters/ipm-newsletter-view/ipm-newsletters/2020/09/03/brown-dog-ticks-and-repellents
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Nair, S., Gouge, D.H., Li, S. October 2020. Fall Pests and Pest Prevention Check List. Arizona Pest Management Center. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/community-ipm/home-and-school-ipm-newsletters/ipm-newsletter-view/ipm-newsletters/2020/10/12/fall-pests-and-pest-prevention-check-list
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nair, S., Gouge, D.H., Li, S. January 2021. Keep pests away this spring. School and Home IPM Newsletter. Arizona Pest Management Center. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/community-ipm/home-and-school-ipm-newsletters/ipm-newsletter-view/ipm-newsletters/2021/02/08/keep-pests-away-this-spring
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Li, S., D.H. Gouge, S. Nair, L. Graham, A.J. Fournier, K. Umeda. March 2021. Beware of Fire Ant Stings. School and Home IPM Newsletter. Arizona Pest Management Center. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/community-ipm/home-and-school-ipm-newsletters/ipm-newsletter-view/ipm-newsletters/2021/03/05/beware-of-fire-ant-stings
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Gouge, D.H., Nair, S., Rose, L., Nelson, M., Hurley, J.A., Stock, T., Li, S., McGregor, V. April 2021. What you need to know about disinfectant wipes. School and Home IPM Newsletter. Arizona Pest Management Center. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/community-ipm/home-and-school-ipm-newsletters/ipm-newsletter-view/ipm-newsletters/2021/04/21/what-you-need-to-know-about-disinfectant-wipes
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nair, S., Gouge, D.H., Li, S. May 2021. Scary-looking gentle giants. School and Home IPM Newsletter. Arizona Pest Management Center. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/community-ipm/home-and-school-ipm-newsletters/ipm-newsletter-view/ipm-newsletters/2021/05/19/scary-looking-gentle-giants
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Li, S., D.H. Gouge, I. Ruberto, S. Nair, A.J. Fournier, W.E. Hall. June 2021. What You Should Know About Kissing Bugs. School and Home IPM Newsletter. Arizona Pest Management Center. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/community-ipm/home-and-school-ipm-newsletters/ipm-newsletter-view/ipm-newsletters/2021/06/27/what-you-should-know-about-kissing-bugs
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Brandt, R., Hall, W.E. August 2021. Bug bonanza: 7 big, colorful critters to try to spot this monsoon season. School and Home IPM Newsletter. Arizona Pest Management Center. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/community-ipm/home-and-school-ipm-newsletters/ipm-newsletter-view/ipm-newsletters/2021/08/18/bug-bonanza-7-big-colorful-critters-to-try-to-spot-this-monsoon-season
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nair, S., Gouge, D.H., Li, S. September, 2021. Fly facts. School and Home IPM Newsletter. Arizona Pest Management Center. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/community-ipm/home-and-school-ipm-newsletters/ipm-newsletter-view/ipm-newsletters/2021/09/21/fly-facts
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Bordini, I., P.C. Ellsworth, S.E. Naranjo, A.J. Fournier. Novel insecticides and generalist predators support conservation biological control in cotton. Biological Control, 154 (2021) 104502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2020.104502
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Tabashnik, B. E., L. R. Liesner, P. C. Ellsworth, G. C. Unnithan, J. A. Fabrick, S. E. Naranjo, X. Li, T. J. Dennehy, L. Antilla, R. T. Staten and Y. Carri�re. 2021. Transgenic cotton and sterile insect releases synergize eradication of pink bollworm a century after it invaded the United States. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 118: e2019115118. https://www.pnas.org/content/118/1/e2019115118
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: 01/06/2021. I. Bordini, P.C. Ellsworth & S.E Naranjo. Novel Insecticides Support Conservation Biological Control in Cotton. 2021 Beltwide Cotton Conferences, National Cotton Council of America. 40 participants. Virtual Live-Stream Event.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Fournier, A.J., P.C. Ellsworth. 2020. Petition to Revoke Tolerances: Neonicotinoids. Environmental Protection Agency. Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0329, EPA-HQ-OPP-2011-0581, EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0844, EPA-HQ-OPP-2011-0920, EPA-HQ-OPP-2011-0865. 8/31/20. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/neonicotinoid-comment_apmc_8-31-20_vf.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Fournier, A.J., W.A. Dixon II. 2020. Iprodione Use and Benefits in Arizona Agriculture. Environmental Protection Agency. Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2012-0392. 11/2/20. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/iprodione_comments_apmc_11-2-20_vf.pdf?sfvrsn=3c6e332d_0
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Fournier, A.J., B. Poudel, P.C. Ellsworth, W.A. Dixon II. 2020. Response to EPA Proposed Interim Decision for Fenamidone. Environmental Protection Agency. Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0048. 11/2/20. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/fenamidone_pid_9-2-20_vf.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Fournier, A.J., P.C. Ellsworth, W.A. Dixon II. 2021. Response to EPA Proposed Interim Decision for Chlorpyrifos. Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0288. 3/7/21. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/chlorpyrifos_pid_03-07-21.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Fournier, A.J., P.C. Ellsworth, J.C. Palumbo. 2020. Proposed Interim Decision, Flonicamid. Environmental Protection Agency. Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0777. 11/2/20. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/flonicamid-pid-comment_apmc_11-2-20_vf.pdf?sfvrsn=d5b6198c_0
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Gouge, D.H., S. Nair, S. Li, A.J. Fournier. 2020. Comments on EPAs Draft Guidance for Pesticide Registrants on the List of Pests of Significant Public Health Importance. 12/17/20 Environmental Protection Agency. Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2020-0260.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Fournier, A.J., W.A. Dixon II. 2021. Cycloate Use and Benefits in Arizona & Southeastern California Agriculture. Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0288. 1/4/21. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/cycloate_comments_apmc_01-04-21_vf.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Fournier, A.J., B. Poudel, W.A. Dixon II. 2021. Famoxadone Use and Benefits in Arizona, Southeastern California and New Mexico. Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0094. 5/7/21. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/comment-reponses/famoxadone_pid_5-7-21_vf.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Fournier, A.J., B. Poudel, W.A. Dixon II. 2021. Mancozeb Use and Benefits in Arizona and Southeastern California. Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0291. 5/22/21. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/default-document-library/mancozeb_ra_5-22-21.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Alfred Fournier, William McCloskey, Blase Evancho, Peter Ellsworth, W.A. Dixon II. 2021. Diuron Use and Benefits in Arizona Agriculture. Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2015-0077. 6/7/21. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/comment-reponses/diuron_comments_apmc_6-7-21_vf.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Fournier, A.J., P.C. Ellsworth, W.A. Dixon II. 2021. Response to EPA Proposed Interim Decision for Spiromesifen. Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0263. 6/22/21. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/spiromesifen_pid_6-22-21_vf.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Fournier, A.J., W.A. Dixon II. 2021. EPA Amended Proposed Interim Decision for Pronamide (Propyzamide): Comments on Arizona & Southeastern California Lettuce Use Practices and Response to Proposed Changes. Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2009-0326. 7/12/21. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/comment-reponses/pronamide_pid_7-22-21_vf.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Fournier, A.J., W.A. Dixon II. 2021. Chlorothalonil Use and Benefits in Arizona and Southeastern California. Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2011-0840. 7/16/21. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/comment-reponses/apmc_chlorothalonil_ra_7-16-21.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Fournier, A.J., K. Umeda, W.A. Dixon II. 2021. Response to EPA Proposed Interim Decision for Oxadiazon: Uses on Arizona Turfgrass. Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0782. 10/04/21. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/comment-reponses/oxadiazon_pid_10-04-21_vf.pdf
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nair, S. 2021. Resilience, emergency preparedness, adaptation: How IPM ties in? Emergency Preparedness for Outbreaks of Insect and Arthropod Vectors and Communicable Pests Workshop. May 25, 2021. Inter Tribal Council of Arizona (ITCA) and Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA). Phoenix, AZ. 134 registered participants.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nair, S. 2021. A deeper dive into commercial rodents and flies. Emergency Preparedness for Outbreaks of Insect and Arthropod Vectors and Communicable Pests Workshop. May 25, 2021. Inter Tribal Council of Arizona (ITCA) and Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA). Phoenix, AZ. 134 registered participants.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nair, S. 2021. Stinging, biting and venomous pests in the landscape. Southwest Horticulture Annual Day of Education (SHADE) Conference. August 5, 2021. Offered online. 58 participants.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nair, S. 2021. Plant-insect interactions: Implications for pest management. Southwest Horticulture Annual Day of Education (SHADE) Conference. August 5, 2021. Offered online. 65 participants.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nair, S. 2021. Integrated Mosquito Management. Vector Preparedness Virtual Workshop. Provided by the University of Arizona, in Collaboration with the Inter-Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc., and the Tohono Oodham Environmental Health Office. August 10, 2020  August 31, 2021. 111 participants.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Li, S. Managing the Risks of Vector-borne Diseases in Tribal Communities: Climate Change and Integrated Pest Management. 2020 Virtual National Tribal and Indigenous Climate Conference. September 14-17, 2020. 250 participants for the live presentation. Estimated 2,400 registrants from across the country, representatives from over 200 tribal/Indigenous nations and 30 countries could view the recorded presentation. 9/15/20.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Nair, S. 2020. Insect Pest Management in Turf and Ornamentals. Pest Management and Pesticide Safety CEU Virtual Seminar. December 8-18, 2020. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. 175 participants.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Li, S., Gouge, D.H., Fournier, A.J., Nair, S., Dorame-Avalos, A., Reese, S.K., Brophy, M., Walker, K.C., Ernst, K.C., Teegerstrom, T. and Ellsworth, P.C. 2020. Honoring and Empowering Tribal Nations and Indigenous Peoples Through IPM Education and Emergency Preparedness. Poster presentation. 2020 Arizona Cooperative Extension Virtual Conference. October 6-8, 2020. 150 participants.https://sites.google.com/email.arizona.edu/tribal-ipm-program-li
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Fournier, A.J., W.A. Dixon II. 2021. Response to EPA Proposed Interim Decision for Oxyfluorfen. Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2014-0778. 10/04/21. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/comment-reponses/oxyfluorfen_pid_10-04-21.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Fournier, A.J., W.A. Dixon II. 2021. Response to EPA Proposed Interim Decisions for Pyrethrins and Piperonyl butoxide (PBO). Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2011-0885 & EPA-HQ-OPP-2010-0498. 11/03/21. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/comment-reponses/pyrethrins-and-pbo_pid_10-04-21_v3de178600e8624fdc97280abad553c937.pdf
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nair, S. 2021. Venomous arthropods. 4th Annual Arizona School IPM Conference. April 19  May 31, 2021. 123 views.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nair, S. 2021. Rodents  more than just a nuisance. 4th Annual Arizona School IPM Conference. April 19  May 31, 2021. 112 views.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2021 Citation: Nair, S. 2021. IPM in landscapes. 30th Annual Desert Horticulture Conference. May 21-June 21, 2021. Offered online. 53 participants.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Nair, S., D.H. Gouge, K. Umeda, Li, S., Fournier, A.J., Schuch, U. 2020. Implementing IPM in schools without IPM legislation: Experiences from Arizona. Poster presentation. 2020 Arizona Cooperative Extension Virtual Conference. October 6-8, 2020. https://sites.google.com/view/arizona-school-ipm/home.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Li, S. A Case Study: Effective Partnerships With Tribes. All IPM Centers meeting. 10/19/20. 24 participants.


Progress 09/01/19 to 08/31/20

Outputs
Target Audience: Pest Control Advisors (PCAs), growers, agricultural industry representatives, pesticide applicators, State and Federal agencies and pesticide regulators, nursery and landscape industry, associations, commodity groups, Master Gardeners, homeowners, public school staff, non-governmental organizations, pest management professionals, representatives from numerous tribes and tribal organizations, racial and ethnic minorities that work in agricultural and urban sectors. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?This project has provided significant professional development opportunities for two graduate students with work related to the Agronomic Crops IPM priority area. Ms. Naomi Pier, who is completing her MS Degree in Entomology and Insect Science, and Ms. Isadora Bordini who recently completed her MS Degree and is pursuing a Ph.D in Entomology and Insect Science. Both of them also are employed full time as Assistants in Extension in our programs, and Dr. Peter Ellsworth serves as Major Advisor to both students. They are working, respectively, on projects related to the link between insecticide use patterns and patterns of insecticide resistance among whitefly populations, and on examining non-target impacts of selective insecticides (and research methods related to this). Both of their research projects have been major areas of focus in IPM outreach over this grant cycle, and both of them have gained valuable experience developing outreach materials and presentations for growers and pest managers. Both of their projects are highly leveraged through other grants, but our growers and pest control advisors have greatly benefited from their work through our Extension and outreach efforts. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Workshops, field days, demonstrations, cooperative extension meetings, educational presentations, websites, webinars, Zoom conferences and presentations, YouTube videos,smart phone updates, newspaper articles, videos, video demonstrations,IPM guidelines, newsletters, trade publications, extension publications, reports, stakeholder dialog sessions, needs assessments, crop pest losses surveys, informal discussion groups, one-on-one consultations, scientific publications, presentations and symposia. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Reporting Period:June 2019 - April 2020 IPM Implementation for Specialty Crops Our objective is to support and advance IPM implementation by Arizona specialty crop producers through a coordinated systems approach to education and outreach that empowers pest managers to put IPM knowledge into practice.(100% complete) Deliver Veg IPM Updates (advisories) biweekly year-round via smart phone, email and website.(100% complete). Delivered 22 updates over 10 months to nearly 1,000 participants. Provided practical timely pest management information for insects, weeds, diseases, weather. Conduct at least 3 IPM demonstration workshops / field tours annually.(100% complete) Delivered 5 demonstration-based field days and workshops. Topics included lettuce downy mildew, industrial hemp and weed identification, reaching 250 participants. Provide at least 50 CEUs related to IPM annually via specialty crop IPM trainings statewide.(100% complete) Delivered 57 CEUs at training events reaching over 900 participants, sustaining a well-trained professional community of pest managers. 2 New/revised peer-reviewed Extension publications (100% complete) Published 2 peer-reviewed Extension publications related to specialty crops. Published about 20 Vegetable Insect IPM new or updated fact sheets / guidelines to accompany Veg IPM Updates. Topics included whitefly management, aphid scouting and identification, diamondback moth on cole crops, etc. Major Accomplishments Based on previous surveys, we estimate average grower operations saved between $480k to $1.5mil annually on insect management, based on adoption of reduced-risk IPM strategies promoted by the IPM Team. 80% of growers adopted reduced-risk pest management practices because of Vegetable IPM program; 83% reported increased yields and 80% reported decreased use of broad-spectrum chemistries. Dr. John Palumbo nominated as Endowed Chair for Vegetable Entomology at UA, an indication of the value industry places on our IPM applied research and Extension activities. IPM Implementation for Agronomic Crops Our objective is to support and advance IPM implementation by Arizona agronomic crop producers through a coordinated systems approach to education and outreach that empowers pest managers to put IPM knowledge into practice.(100% complete) Implement demonstration trials and organize clientele meetings and field tours to demonstrate IPM results in collaboration with faculty (3 annually, 100% complete). Conducted 5 meetings with field demonstrations, including 3 in Arizona and 2 in Northern Mexico. Deliver IPM education at Cooperative Extension trainings (9 annually), and through presentations at 2 annual statewide conferences to deliver the latest pest management research information to clientele statewide (30-50 CEUs annually, 100% complete). Delivered 61 CEUs in 21 meetings reaching 755 people in AZ, CA and Mexico. Develop new Extension publications and other outputs for print, email and online distribution (6 per year). This will include "Field Crops IPM Shorts" and other mobile-friendly e-outlets. (100% complete) Delivered 8 IPM shorts, 5 of these accepted as peer-reviewed Extension publications; 9 expert testimony reports related to pesticide registration review or other pest management topics, impacting agronomic crops. Promoted adoption of "predator thresholds" that adjust whitefly spray thresholds based on the presence and number of specific predators. Added new insecticides to, and fully integrated insecticide risk into cotton insecticide guidelines, creating a decision matrix to support grower selection of effective, selective, reduced-risk insecticides. Major Accomplishments 72% of agronomic stakeholders surveyed increased knowledge about insecticide selectivity and risk reduction. Teachings on predator thresholds and selectivity provided pest managers with tools to make more confident management decisions that provide economic benefits to growers and reduce risk to non-target organisms, humans, and the environment.93% indicated IPM research was likely to influence future insecticide applications decisions. Based on Cotton Pest Losses data, 75% of AZ and 69% of CA cotton sprays to control arthropods in 2019 used fully selective materials, reducing risks to human health, non-target organisms and the environment. Respondents estimated the economic value of conservation biological control in cotton at an average of $85 per acre, nearly double the estimate from 4 years ago. Since 1996,integration of new technologies and the cotton IPM plan have saved growers over $542mil. IPM Training and Implementation in Schools Our objective is to support and advance IPM implementation by school personnel and pest management professionals in Arizona through a coordinated systems approach to education and outreach that empowers pest managers to put IPM knowledge into practice.(100% complete) Continue IPM implementation program in 7 schools, including: needs assessments and IPM recommendations; hands-on trainings; annual evaluations of participating schools. (100% complete) Worked at 9 school sites in 8 districts in Arizona. Eight out nine sets of IPM recommendations fully or partially adopted. 3 demonstration workshops targeting school personnel, pest managers and pesticide applicators. (100% complete) Conducted 5 demonstrations (e.g., turf management, herbicide use, pest monitoring, rodent management). Address need-based priority pest issues in 10 school districts and conduct 3 on-site trainings annually. (100% complete) Responded to priority pest issues in 12 new school districts. Conducted 10 on-site IPM trainings in schools and community environments. Deliver annual school IPM conference. (100% complete) Held Third Annual statewide IPM conference, adapted for online delivery, with 112 registered participants, double that of last year. 73% of participants reported an increase in knowledge and 89% indicated they would use information in their jobs or daily life. 3 extension publications, 9 newsletters, 2 fact sheets produced and distributed annually. (100% complete) Delivered 10 new or revised Extension publications and factsheets, 8 newsletters, many distributed nationally. Program outputs reached 7,500 people. Major Accomplishments Adapted to stakeholder needs related to COVID-19, delivering presentations and publications on viral concerns, disinfectants and PPE which have reached thousands through national networks. ·School IPM Team expertise is recognized nationally. In 2019, Shaku Nair provided expert testimony on benefits of School IPM to Nevada State Legislative Assembly, which resulted in passing of a Nevada School IPM Law. IPM Training for Pesticide Applicators Our objective is to improve awareness and understanding of IPM and its relationship to pesticide safety among agricultural and non-agricultural applicators, as well as technical skills to support implementation.(100% complete) Deliver IPM education and technical resources for pesticide applicators, growers and PCAs at Cooperative Extension trainings,workshops and field daysin collaboration with IPM teams (at least 3 annually, 100% Complete). Team trainings have integrated IPM information for applicators. Topics included best management practices for auxin herbicides and spray nozzle demonstrations (5+ presentations). Across all priority areas, delivered over 200 CEUs to applicators at IPM trainings. Major Accomplishments We have Integrated information on pesticide risks into IPM Extension programs and outputs, in presentations, publications (e.g., cotton insecticide guidelines) to support selection of reduced-risk pesticides over higher-risk products, to reduce human and environmental health risks. Delivered presentations on pesticide risk communication in IPM programs to diverse audiences. Summary: Peer reviewed publications: 16 Non-peer reviewed publications: 20 Presentations: 146 Extension, 13 academic People reached: 8,800

Publications

  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Fournier A.J., P.C. Ellsworth, A. Mostafa, W.A. Dixon II. 2019. Etoxazole Use and Benefits in Arizona Corn and Cotton. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. 11/25/19. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Etoxazole_Comments_APMC_11-29-19_vf.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Fournier A.J., W. McCloskey, P.C. Ellsworth, A. Mostafa, W.A. Dixon II. 2019. Paraquat Dichloride Use and Benefits in Arizona Agriculture. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. 12/16/19. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Paraquat_Comments_APMC_12-16-19.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Ellsworth, P.C., A.J. Fournier, J.C. Palumbo, W.A. Dixon II. 2020. Flonicamid Use and Benefits in Arizona Agriculture. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. 1/17/20. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Flonicamid_Comments_APMC_1-17-20_vf.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Fournier, A.J., R. Norton, P.C. Ellsworth, W.A. Dixon II. 2020. Telone (1,3-D) Use and Benefits in Arizona Agriculture. 4/3/20. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/telone_(1-3-d)_comments_apmc_4-6-20_vf.pdf?sfvrsn=e9435bd5_0
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Fournier, A.J., P.C. Ellsworth, J.C. Palumbo, W.A. Dixon II. 2020. Use and Importance of Spirotetramat in Arizona Agriculture. 4/6/20. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/spirotetramat_comments_apmc_4-6-20_vf.pdf?sfvrsn=8d112d5d_0
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Fournier, A.J., J.C. Palumbo, P.C. Ellsworth, W.A. Dixon II. 2020. Dinotefuran: Response to EPA Proposed Interim Decision for Arizona and the Desert Southwest. 5/4/20. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/dinotefuran_comments_apmc_5-4-20_vf.pdf?sfvrsn=556aa3cd_2
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Fournier, A.J., J.C. Palumbo, P.C. Ellsworth, W.A. Dixon II. 2020. Imidacloprid: Response to EPA Proposed Interim Decision for Arizona and the Desert Southwest. 5/4/20. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/imidacloprid_comments_apmc_5-4-20_vf.pdf?sfvrsn=41c01761_0
  • Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2020 Citation: Ellsworth, P.C., A.J. Fournier, W.A. Dixon II. 2020. Neonicotinoid Use in Cotton: Response to EPA Proposed Interim Decisions for Arizona. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. 5/4/20. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/apmc_neonicotinoids_in_cotton_pid_comments_vf.pdf?sfvrsn=6854b8c3_2
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Fournier, A.J., J.C. Palumbo, P.C. Ellsworth, W.A. Dixon II. 2020. Thiamethoxam: Response to EPA Proposed Interim Decision for Arizona and the Desert Southwest. 5/4/20. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-assessment-documents/arid-swpmc-info-requests/thiamethoxam_comments_apmc_5-4-20_vf.pdf?sfvrsn=568d236e_0
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Anderson M.A., P.C. Ellsworth, J.C. Faria, G.P. Head, M.D. Owen, C.D. Pilcher, A.M. Shelton, M. Meissle. 2019. Genetically engineered crops need to be part of a diversified integrated pest management plan for improved durability and sustainability of agricultural systems., Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. Vol. 7, 14. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00024
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2020 Citation: Bordini, I., P.C. Ellsworth, S.E. Naranjo, A.J. Fournier. 2020. Conservation biological control of Bemisia argentifolii in cotton: Selectivity of novel insecticides towards arthropod predators in field studies. Pest Management Science, in submission
  • Type: Book Chapters Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Naranjo, S.E., G.B. Frisvold, Peter C. Ellsworth. 2019, Economic Value of Arthropod Biological Control. Chapter 4, In, The Economics of Integrated Pest Management of Insects. Onstad, D. W. and P. R. Crain, eds. CABI, pp. 4985
  • Type: Book Chapters Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Reisig, Dominic, Peter C. Ellsworth, and Erin Hodgson. 2019, The Roles of Soft Technologies and Cooperative Extension in Solving Wicked IPM Problems. Chapter 9, In, The Economics of Integrated Pest Management of Insects. Onstad, D. W. and P. R. Crain, eds. CABI, pp. 155178.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Sherbrooke, S., Y. Carriere, J.C. Palumbo. 2020. Evaluation of Trap Cropping for Control of Diamondback Moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in a Broccoli Production System. J. Econ. Entomol. online - doi: 10.1093/jee/toaa073
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2020 Citation: Pinkerton, Morgan, Sage M. Thompson, Amanda C. Hodges, Norman C. Leppla, John C. Palumbo. 2020. Laboratory rearing of Bagrada hilaris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) under quarantine conditions in Florida. Florida Entomol. (In Press)
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Raja, R., Slaughter, D.C., Fennimore, S.A., Nguyen, T.T., Vuong, V.L., Sinha, N., Tourte, L., Smith, R.F. & Siemens, M.C. 2019. Crop signaling: A novel crop recognition technique for robotic weed control. Biosystems Eng.187: 278-291.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Ellsworth P.C., N. Pier, A.J. Fournier, S.E. Naranjo. 2019. Making Use of Predators in Cotton. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/cotton/files/PtoPlaminate.pdf (peer-reviewed, accepted 8/2019)
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Ellsworth P.C., N. Pier, A.J. Fournier, S.E. Naranjo. 2019. Utilizando los Predatores en Algodon. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/cotton/files/PtoPlaminateSpanish.pdf (peer-reviewed, accepted 8/2019)
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Ellsworth P.C., N. Pier, A.J. Fournier, S.E. Naranjo. 2019. Making Use of Predators in Cotton. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/cotton/files/PtoPlaminate.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Ellsworth P.C., N. Pier, A.J. Fournier, S.E. Naranjo. 2019. Utilizando los Predatores en Algodon. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/cotton/files/PtoPlaminateSpanish.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Ellsworth, P.C., Pier N., A.J. Fournier, S.E. Naranjo, T. Vandervoet. 2019. Predator Thresholds. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/cotton/files/wfBIT.pdf (peer-reviewed, accepted 8/2019)
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Fournier, A.J., N. Pier, P.C. Ellsworth. 2020. Your Voice Matters: Influencing Pesticide Registration Review. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. (peer-reviewed, accepted 1/2020) https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-shorts/yourvoice.pdf?sfvrsn=d7f6cb25_2
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Gouge D.H., S. Li, K.R. Walker, C. Sumner, S. Nair, C. Olson, F.B. Ramberg. 2019 (revised). Mosquitoes: Biology and Integrated Mosquito Management. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Publication no. AZ1706. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1706-2019.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Hu, J. 2020. Symptom Identification of Pecan Phymatotrichopsis Root Rot (PRR). University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Publication no. AZ1814. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1814-2020.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Li, S. and W.E. Hall. 2020. Crane Flies, not Giant Mosquitoes. Extension Publication. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Published on March 6, 2020 and shared over 6.2K times. https://extension.arizona.edu/crane-flies
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Nair S., D.H. Gouge, S. Li. 2019. Bed Bugs: What home care providers and welfare workers need to know. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Publication no. AZ1804. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1804-2019.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Palumbo, J.C. 2020. Insect Management on Spring Melons: Whiteflies (revised April 2020). UA Vegetable IPM Update, Vol 11, No. 9, Apr 29, 2020. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/agricultural-ipm-documents/vegetable-ipm-updates/2020/ipm-on-spring-melons_whiteflies_2021.pdf?sfvrsn=c92a2575_0
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Palumbo, J.C. 2019. Insecticide Resistance Management for Lepidopterous Larvae in Desert Produce Crops. UA Vegetable IPM Update, Vol 10, No. 22, Oct 30, 2019. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/agricultural-ipm-documents/vegetable-ipm-updates/2020/ipm-on-spring-melons_whiteflies_2021.pdf?sfvrsn=c92a2575_0
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Palumbo, J.C. 2020. Impact of Proposed EPA Label Changes on Neonicotinoid Uses on Produce and Melon Crops in the Desert Southwest, 2018-2019. Vegetable IPM Update, Vol 11, No. 8, Apr 15, 2020. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/agricultural-ipm-documents/vegetable-ipm-updates/2020/200415-impact-of-proposed-epa-label-changes-on-neonicotinoids.pdf?sfvrsn=f6fd9eab_0
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Palumbo, J.C. 2020. Lettuce Aphid on Spring Produce. UA Vegetable IPM Update, Vol 11, No. 2, Jan 22, 2020. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. https://vegetableipmupdates.arizona.edu/sites/default/files/200304_lettuce_aphid_on_desert_produce_2020.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Palumbo, J.C. 2019. Diamondback Moth on Desert Cole Crops: Survey Results from 2016-2018. UA Vegetable IPM Update, Vol 10, No. 18, Sept 4, 2019. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/agricultural-ipm-documents/vegetable-ipm-updates/2020/ipm-on-spring-melons_whiteflies_2021.pdf?sfvrsn=c92a2575_0
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Palumbo, J.C. 2019. Insect Losses and Management on Desert Lettuce: A 15-Year Summary. UA Vegetable IPM Update, Vol 10, No. 13, June 26, 2019. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/agricultural-ipm-documents/vegetable-ipm-updates/2020/ipm-on-spring-melons_whiteflies_2021.pdf?sfvrsn=c92a2575_0
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Palumbo, J.C. 2019. Insecticide Usage on Desert Lettuce, 2018-2019. Vegetable IPM Update, Vol. 10, No. 12, June 12, 2019. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/agricultural-ipm-documents/vegetable-ipm-updates/2019/190626-insecticide-usage-summary-in-lettuce-2018-19.pdf?sfvrsn=3a8d739a_2documents/vegetable-ipm-updates/2020/ipm-on-spring-melons_whiteflies_2021.pdf?sfvrsn=c92a2575_0
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Pier N., W.E. Hall, P.C. Ellsworth. 2020. False Chinch Bugs in Cotton. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-shorts/FCBcotton
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Umeda, K. 2020. Strategy for Nutsedge Control in Turf. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Publication no. AZ1818. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1818-2020.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Vandervoet T., P.C. Ellsworth, L.M. Brown, A.J. Fournier, S.E. Naranjo. 2019. Making Whitefly and Predator Counts. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/cotton/files/PredatorToPreyRatios.pdf (peer-reviewed, accepted 8/2019)
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Gouge, D. H., Li, S., Nair, S. 2019. Mosquitoes. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/2019SeptemberAZschoolandhomeIPMNewletter.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2019 Citation: Nair, S., Li, S., Gouge, D. H. 2019. Fall Pests and Pest-proofing Tips. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/2019OctoberAZschoolandhomeIPMNewletter.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Nair, S. Gouge, D. H., Li, S. 2019. Caregivers and bed bugs. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/2019NovemberAZschoolandhomeIPMNewletter.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Gouge, D. H., Nair, S., Li, S. 2020. Unfortunate Facts about Flu. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/community-ipm/home-and-school-ipm-newsletters/ipm-newsletter-view/ipm-newsletters/2020/01/13/school-home-integrated-pest-management-(ipm)-newsletter-january-2020
  • Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2020 Citation: Nair, S., Li, S. 2020. Spring Cleaning for Pest Management. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/community-ipm/home-and-school-ipm-newsletters/ipm-newsletter-view/ipm-newsletters/2020/02/18/spring-cleaning-for-pest-management
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Gouge, D. H., Nair, S., Li, S. 2020. Bee Informed: Warming and Swarming. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/community-ipm/home-and-school-ipm-newsletters/ipm-newsletter-view/ipm-newsletters/2020/03/12/bee-informed-warming-and-swarming
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Gouge, D. H., Weber, J., Li, S., Nair, S. 2020. People Unite Against the Threat of COVID-19. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/community-ipm/home-and-school-ipm-newsletters/ipm-newsletter-view/ipm-newsletters/2020/03/30/people-unite-against-the-threat-of-covid-19
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Nair, S., Li, S., Stoltman, A., Gouge, D. H. 2020. In-Home Educational Resources for Children and Adults. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/ipm-shorts/in-homeed-resources-f3.pdf?sfvrsn=911e6574_2
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2020 Citation: Li, S., Gouge, D. H., Weber, J., Kells, S. A., Hurley, J. A., Fournier, A. J., Nair, S., Buhl, K. 2020. What you should know about N95 respirators and face masks. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/community-ipm/home-and-school-ipm-newsletters/ipm-newsletter-view/ipm-newsletters/2020/04/14/what-you-should-know-about-n95-respirators-and-face-masks
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2019 Citation: Hampton, M., A.J. Fournier, P.C. Ellsworth. 2019. University of Arizona Scientists Influence EPA Pesticide Registration Decisions. 2019 Extension Conference, University of Arizona College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Tucson, August 6, 2019. Poster.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2019 Citation: Bordini, I., P.C. Ellsworth, S.E. Naranjo, A.J. Fournier. Conservation biological control of Bemisia tabaci in cotton using selective insecticides. Entomological Society of America & International Organization of Biological Control, St. Louis, MO. 11/19/2019 (MS Award presentation; INVITED).
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2020 Citation: Ellsworth P.C., S.E. Naranjo, N. Pier, I. Bordini, T. Vandervoet. 2020. Counting Predators and Using Biological Control Informed Thresholds for Sustainable Management of Whiteflies in Cotton. 2020 Beltwide Cotton Conferences, Austin, TX. January 10, 2020. (Presentation)
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2019 Citation: Gouge, D.H., Nair, S., Li, S., Fernandez, D., Henegar, S., Ketner, R., Choe, D-H., Campbell, K. and De La Hoz, J. 2019. Using Heat to Reduce Pests in Housing. Poster presentation. 2019 Arizona Cooperative Extension Conference. Westin La Paloma Resort, 3800 E. Sunrise Dr., Tucson, AZ 85718. August 6-7, 2019.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2020 Citation: Li, S. 2020. Arizona Pest Management Center - Effective Partnerships in IPM Education. 2020 Arizona Annual Vector Control Conference (Virtual), Arizona Department of Health Services. April 15, 2020. 190 participants.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2019 Citation: Li, S., Gouge, D.H., Nair, S., Dorame-Avalos, A., Reese, S.K., Brophy, M., Walker, K.C., Ernst, K.C., Rivadeneira, P., Teegerstrom, T., Ellsworth, P.C. and Fournier, A.J. 2019. Public Health IPM Education in American Indian Communities. 2019 Extension Conference, University of Arizona College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Tucson, August 6, 2019. Poster.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2019 Citation: Li, S., Gouge, D.H., Nair, S. and Fournier, A. J. Effective Integrated Pest Management in Public Housing. 2019. Entomological Society of America (ESA) 2019 International Branch Virtual Symposium. October 22, 2019. Virtual Poster.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2019 Citation: Li, S., Gouge, D.H., Nair, S., Dorame-Avalos, A., Reese, S.K., Brophy, M., Walker, K.C., Ernst, K.C., Rivadeneira, P., Teegerstrom, T., Ellsworth, P.C. and Fournier, A.J. 2019. Effective Partnerships in Public Health IPM Education in American Indian Communities. National Environmental Health Association (NEHA) Pest-Control through Environmentally Sustainable Treatments (PEST) Virtual Conference, August 28-29, 2019. Presentation.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2019 Citation: Li, S., Gouge, D.H., Nair, S., Dorame-Avalos, A., Reese, S.K., Brophy, M., Walker, K.C., Ernst, K.C., Rivadeneira, P., Teegerstrom, T., Ellsworth, P.C. and Fournier, A.J. 2019. Effective Partnerships in IPM Education in Indian Communities. Tribal/EPA Region 9 Conference. Maricopa, AZ 85138. October 22-24, 2019.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2019 Citation: Nair, S., Gouge, D.H., Umeda, K., Li, S., Fournier, A.J. and Schuch, U. 2019. Implementing IPM in Schools without supporting IPM legislation: Experiences from Arizona. National Environmental Health Association (NEHA) Pest-Control through Environmentally Sustainable Treatments (PEST) Virtual Conference, August 28-29, 2019. Presentation.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Fournier A.J., M. Hampson, P.C. Ellsworth, J.C. Palumbo, W.A. Dixon II. 2019. Methomyl and Thiodicarb use in Arizona Agriculture. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. 6/7/19. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Methomyl_Thidicarb_6-7-19.pdf
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2019 Citation: Naranjo S.E., J. Romeis, A.M. Shelton, P.C. Ellsworth. 2019. Bt Crops and Biological Control: Can they work together in IPM. PIE Section Symposium: Advocating for IPM in a Dynamic Agricultural World Entomological Society of America, St Louis, MO. November 19, 2019. (Presentation)
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2020 Citation: Naranjo S.E., T. Vandervoet, P.C. Ellsworth. 2020. Development of Biological Control Informed Thresholds for Management of Whitefly in Cotton. 2020 Beltwide Cotton Conferences, Austin, TX. January 10, 2020. (Presentation)
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2020 Citation: Richardson J., S. Tewari, P.C. Ellsworth, I. Grettenberger, P. Prasifka. 2020. Isoclast for Insect Management in Western Cotton. 2020 Beltwide Cotton Conferences, Austin, TX. January 10, 2020. (Presentation)
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Fournier A.J., M. Hampson, W. McCloskey, W.A. Dixon II, P.C. Ellsworth. 2019. 2,4-DB Use on Alfalfa in Arizona and Imperial County, California. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. 6/7/19. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/2,4-DB_Comments_APMC_6-7-19.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Fournier A.J., W. McCloskey, P.C. Ellsworth, R. Norton, W.A. Dixon II. 2019. Flumioxazin Use in Arizona. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. 8/12/19. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Flumioxazin_APMC_8-12-19_vf.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Fournier A.J., P.C. Ellsworth, W.A. Dixon II. 2019. Proposed Interim Decision for Linuron & Its Use in Arizona Carrots, Celery, Cilantro, Parsley and Parsnips. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. 9/30/19. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Linuron_PID_Comments_APMC_9-30-19_vf.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Ellsworth, P.C., A.J. Fournier. 2019. Comments on Petition for Determination of Nonregulated Status of Cotton Genetically Engineered for Insect Resistance. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. 11/25/19. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Nonregulated_Status_of_GE_Cotton_APMC_11-25-19_vf.pdf


Progress 09/01/18 to 08/31/19

Outputs
Target Audience: Pest Control Advisors (PCAs), growers, agricultural industry representatives, pesticide applicators, State and Federal agencies and pesticide regulators, nursery and landscape industry, associations, commodity groups, Master Gardeners, homeowners, public school staff, non-governmental organizations, pest management professionals, representatives from numerous tribes and tribal organizations, racial and ethnic minorities that work in agricultural and urban sectors. Changes/Problems:Dr. Mike Wierda, Assistant in Extension for Pesticide Safety Education, left that position as of July 31, 2018. We are still able to meet the obligations of the IPM Training for Pesticide Applicators priority area of the grant. A new position for pesticide safety education was created in the Entomology Department, and a new person starts in that role July 1, 2019. The position is no longer managed by the Arizona Pest Management Center, although we expect to collaborate with the new staff member in achieving mutual IPM / pesticide safety education goals. During this reporting period, we continued to be productive in the area of pesticide safety training. We provided IPM training to pesticide applicators at meetings for both agricultural and non-agricultural stakeholders. We have had a strong focus on aspects such as best management practices for auxin herbicides (e.g., 2,4-D) and pesticide risk communication. We anticipate continuing both of these topics as well as delivering training and developing resources for diverse audiences on topics of pesticide risk mitigation and pesticide safety. During this project term, former Assistant in Extension for Agronomic Crops, Lydia Brown, left her position and we hired Naomi Pier, who started in that role October 2018. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?This project has provided significant professional development opportunities for two graduate students with work related to the Agronomic Crops IPM priority area. Ms. Naomi Pier, who is completing her MS Degree in Entomology and Insect Science, and Ms. Isadora Bordini is completing her MS Degree and will pursue a Ph.D in Entomology and Insect Science. Both of them also are employed full time as Assistants in Extension in our programs, and Dr. Peter Ellsworth serves as Major Advisor to both students. They are working, respectively, on projects related to the link between insecticide use patterns and patterns of insecticide resistance among whitefly populations, and on examining non-target impacts of selective insecticides (and research methods related to this). Both of their research projects have been areas of focus in IPM outreach over the past grant cycle, and both of them have gained valuable experience developing outreach materials and presentations for growers and pest managers. Both of their projects are highly leveraged through other grants, but our growers and pest control advisors have greatly benefited from their work through our Extension and outreach efforts. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Workshops, field days, demonstrations, cooperative extension meetings, educational presentations, websites, webinars, smart phone updates, newspaper articles, videos, IPM guidelines, newsletters, trade publications, extension publications, reports, stakeholder dialog sessions, needs assessments, crop pest losses surveys, informal discussion groups, one-on-one consultations, scientific publications, presentations and symposia. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? IPM Implementation for Specialty Crops Our objective is to support and advance IPM implementation by Arizona specialty crop producers through a coordinated systems approach to education and outreach that empowers pest managers to put IPM knowledge into practice.(100% complete) Delivered over 50 continuing education credits (CEUs) related to pest management to over 1,100 participants, including the industry-organized Southwest Ag Summit attended by about 800 growers and pest managers in the region. Sent out 25 Vegetable IPM Updates between July 2018 and June 2019, biweekly via smart phone and web to over 900 followers. Two surveys of pest managers and growers representing the majority of vegetable production acres in 2015 and 2016 revealed high levels of IPM adoption and economic benefits. 80% of surveyed growers & pest managers adopted reduced-risk pest management practices because of timely research & information from our Vegetable IPM program, with reported increased yields and fewer toxic pesticides used. 83% of respondents reported increased yields and 80% reported decreased use of broad-spectrum chemistries as a result our team's IPM outreach. 70% of surveyed growers & pest managers reported that outreach from our Vegetable IPM Team helped them avoid economic losses from insects, weeds and diseases. Most growers saved $60 - $189 / acre on insect management alone, or $480,000 - $1,512,000 in annual savings for a typical grower. Published 4 peer reviewed Extension publications on specialty crops, including Huanglongbing on Citrus and 3 publications on diseases of pecans. On Sept 15, 2018, at a special "When in Doubt, Scout" dinner organized by the vegetable industry, Dr. John Palumbo was honored for nearly 3 decades of service to the industry. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yD70XC9Fvvg IPM Implementation for Agronomic Crops Our objective is to support and advance IPM implementation by Arizona agronomic crop producers through a coordinated systems approach to education and outreach that empowers pest managers to put IPM knowledge into practice.(100% complete) The Arizona Cotton IPM program reduced environmental and human health risks by preventing >21 million pounds of insecticide active ingredient from reaching the environment (since 1996). Cotton growers reduced broadly toxic insecticides by 92% and all insecticides by 82%, comparing 2006-2014 to 1991- 1995 levels. The Arizona Cotton IPM program has saved growers more than $542 mil since 1996, based on fewer sprays and improved yields. A major focus of the agronomic IPM program recently has been the development of "Predator Thresholds" for whitefly management. Predator Thresholds identify, based on the level of whiteflies, how many of which predators must be present in samples in order to defer a spray, or, when predator numbers are too low, to advance a spray ahead of threshold. This work was presented by Dr. Peter Ellsworth at the 3rd International Whitefly Symposium in Australia to 55 scientists, and has been presented to growers in a series of IPM guidelines published online and presented at meetings. These guidelines have recently been developed into a laminated vehicle "visor guide" in English and Spanish, sponsored by Corteva and FMC, respectively. We have evaluated non-target effects (selectivity) of newly registered and experimental reduced-risk insecticides in cotton; based on extensive trials and data analyses, we will soon publish revised cotton whitefly management guidelines. This information is being presented to growers at meetings. 72% indicated an increase in knowledge of insecticide selectivity 93% indicated that it was likely that this research will influence their decisions on future insecticide applications Respondents estimated the economic value of conservation biological control in cotton at an average of $85 per acre. IPM Training and Implementation in Schools Our objective is to support and advance IPM implementation by school personnel and pest management professionals in Arizona through a coordinated systems approach to education and outreach that empowers pest managers to put IPM knowledge into practice.(100% complete) Continued IPM implementation program in 7 participating "IPM Inside and Out" schools.A tribal school district that approached for technical assistance recently expanded their involvement to the full "inside-out" program, and a school audit was conducted. A detailed report with prioritized action items was provided to the school district. This is our first tribal school district to join the program. Conducted 4 demonstrations on pests in community environments for tribal audiences and turf managers. Reached 12 school districts in response to a range of pest and pesticide issues faced by them, which include no-see-ums, roof rats, pigeons, mosquitoes, herbicide sprays, gophers and stray dogs. Delivered 6 need-based IPM workshops on priority topics. Delivered 2ndannual statewide School IPM conference. Attended by 46 participants representing 17 school districts, 12 universities, 6 municipalities, 5 tribes and 5 pest management companies. 94% of participants found the content applicable to their needs; Nearly 100% indicated interest in follow up programs. Delivered 4 peer-reviewed Extension publications on roof rats, kissing bugs, a new invasive pest, the Asian Long-Horned Tic, and methods for controlling bed bugs. Delivered 4 Community IPM Short publications on head lice, weed management in turf and mosquito and tick repellants. Delivered 5 newsletters and 8 fact sheets on various topics. In collaboration with industry partners, we held the first South West Rodent Academy. The academy curricula are designed to help pest management professionals better understand rodent ecology and IPM. 48 pest management professionals graduated from this unique workshop after attending lectures by leading experts and participating in hands-on activities in staged, real-life scenarios. Reached 664 participants at meetings and events targeting Native Americans. This included trainings with the Intertribal Council of Arizona, a Healthy Homes in Tribal Communities workshop, and Ak-Chin Earth Day and a Navajo Nation IPM Workshop. Tribes reached include: Ak Chin, GRIC, Colorado River Indian Tribe, Cocopah Indian Tribe, Navajo Nation, TO Nation, Yavapai-Apache Nation, Hopi Tribe, Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community, Hualapai Tribe, White Mountain Apache Tribe, San Carlos Apache Tribe, Pasqua Yaqui. IPM Training for Pesticide Applicators Our objective is to improve awareness and understanding of IPM and its relationship to pesticide safety among agricultural and non-agricultural applicators, as well as technical skills to support implementation. (100% complete) Delivered a dedicated "Pest Management and Pesticide Safety Seminar" series at 2 locations in November 2018, reaching nearly 100 participants. Developed and disseminated technical resources at meetings and online, including presentations focused onbest management practices for auxin herbicides at agricultural meetings and spray nozzle demonstrations at field days focused on turf weed management, pesticide risk communication,"IPM Short" publications on "What is Risk?" and best management practices for the use of auxin herbicides in agriculture. Summary:Delivered 10 peer reviewed publications (2 journal articles, 8 extension publications), 44 other extension publications, 112 presentations. We reached 5,574 participants at Extension meetings, workshops, field days, demonstrations, industry-run conferences, and large-scale public events, and reached over 150 scientists and Extension professionals at academic conferences. This includes reaching 664 largely Native American participants at tribal events. We delivered nearly 200 Continuing Education Credits to industry professionals.

Publications

  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Li S., D.H. Gouge, A.J. Fournier, S. Nair, K.R. Walker. 2018. Longhorned Tick A New Invasive Tick in the United States. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/longhorned-tick.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Li S., D.H. Gouge, S. Nair, K.R. Walker, A.J. Fournier. 2018. What you should know about mosquito and tick repellents. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Repellents-IPMShort.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Li S., D.H. Gouge, K.R. Walker, A.J. Fournier. 2019. Long horned Tick a New Invasive Tick in the United States. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Publication no. AZ1792. https://extension.arizona.edu/pubs/asian-longhorned-tick-invasive-tick-united-states
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: McCloskey, W.B., N. Pier. 2019. Spray Legally: Summary of EnlistTM, Engenia� and Xtendimax� Application Use Requirements on Cotton. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/cotton/files/auxinsummary.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: McCloskey, W.B., N. Pier. 2019. Avoiding 2,4-D and Dicamba Off-Target Movement from Cotton. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/cotton/files/auxin.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Nair S., S. Li, D.H. Gouge. 2018. Head lice in schools. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Headlice-IPMShort.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Nair S., K. Umeda, W.B. McCloskey, D.H. Gouge, P.C. Ellsworth. 2018. Weed control choices for turf and landscapes. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Glyphosate-IPMShort.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Pier N., A.J. Fournier, P.C. Ellsworth. 2018. Risky Business: What is Risk? IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/cotton/files/RiskyBusiness.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Vandervoet T., P.C. Ellsworth, L.M. Brown, A.J. Fournier, S.E. Naranjo. 2019. Making Whitefly and Predator Counts. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/cotton/files/PredatorToPreyRatios.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Hu, J., G. Wright. 2019. Huanglongbing on Citrus. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Publication no. AZ1795. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1795-2019.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Hu, J. 2018. Pecan Bacterial Leaf Scorch. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Publication no. AZ1772-2018. https://extension.arizona.edu/pubs/pecan-bacterial-leaf-scorch
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Hu, J. 2018. Vegetable Diseases Caused by Phytophthora capsica in Arizona. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Publication no. AZ1773-2018. https://extension.arizona.edu/pubs/vegetable-diseases-caused-phytophthora-capsici-arizona
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Hu, J. 2018. Phymatotrichopsis Root Rot in Pecan. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Publication no. AZ1771-2018. https://extension.arizona.edu/pubs/phymatotrichopsis-root-rot-pecan
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Li S., D.H. Gouge, A.J. Fournier. 2019. Practical Methods of Controlling Bed Bugs at Home (revision). University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Publication no. AZ1642. https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1642-2019.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Li S., D.H. Gouge, S. Nair, A.J. Fournier, W.E. Hall. 2019. Arizona Kissing Bugs. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Publication no. AZ1792. https://extension.arizona.edu/pubs/arizona-kissing-bugs
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Ellsworth P.C., A.J. Fournier, J.C. Palumbo, Y. Carri�re, W.A. Dixon II, N. Pier. 2018. Proactive Resistance Management: Can We Predict and Ultimately Delay Resistance Development in Whiteflies Across the Agricultural Landscape. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. Entomological Society of America Annual Meeting Vancouver British Columbia Canada, November 12, 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Fournier A.J. 2018. Prometryn: Response to Proposed Interim Decision EPA Docket ID: EPAHQOPP20130032., University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Prometryn_Oct9_2018.pdf Fournier A.J., P.C. Ellsworth. 2018. Acephate Use in Several Arizona and New Mexico Crops., University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://acis.cals.arizona.edu/docs/default-source/arid-swpmc-info-requests/acephate_comments_apmc_8-22-18_vf28387943e9fd42c6a38384752bcb2afb.pdf?sfvrsn=38f737a9_2
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Akbar W., A. Gowda, J.E. Ahrens, J.A. Stelzer, R.S. Brown, S.L. Bollman, J.T. Greenplate, J. Gore, A.L. Catchot, G. Lorenz, S.D. Stewart, J.K. Greene, M. Toews, D.A. Herbert, D.D. Reisig, G.A. Sword, P.C. Ellsworth, L. Godfrey, T.L. Clark. 2019. First transgenic trait for control of plant bugs and thrips in cotton., Pest Manag Sci. doi: 10.1002/ps.5234
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Jalali M., M. Mehrnejad, P.C. Ellsworth, F. Ranjbar, M. Ziaaddini. 2018. Predator Performance: Inferring Predator Switching Behaviors Based on Nutritional Indices in a Coccinellid Psylla Aphid System., Pest Management Science. Vol. 74 No. 12, 28512857. doi: 10.1002/ps.5076 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29770582
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Ellsworth P.C., N. Pier, A.J. Fournier, S.E. Naranjo, T. Vandervoet. 2019. Predator Thresholds. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/cotton/files/wfBIT.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Gouge D.H., P. Rivadeneira, S. Li. 2018. Roof Rats: Pathogens and Parasites. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Publication no. AZ1784-2018. https://extension.arizona.edu/pubs/roof-rats-pathogens-parasites-pest-management-professionals-environmental-health-professionals
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Pe�a, M., J.C. Palumbo, B. Tickes, M. Matheron. Vegetable IPM Updates. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. 25 Updates Annually, each including Insect, Weed and Disease Management information. Archive: https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/vegetables/advisories/archive.html
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Hall, W.E., N. Pier, P.C. Ellsworth. 2019. Blister Beetle Basics. IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/cotton/files/BBid.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Hall, W.E., N. Pier, P.C. Ellsworth. 2019. Blister Beetles in Food? IPM Short. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/cotton/files/BBinFood.pdf


Progress 09/01/17 to 08/31/18

Outputs
Target Audience: Pest Control Advisors (PCAs), growers, agricultural industry representatives, pesticide applicators, State and Federal agencies and pesticide regulators, nursery and landscape industry, associations, commodity groups, Master Gardeners, homeowners, public school staff, non-governmental organizations, pest management professionals, representatives from numerous tribes and tribal organizations, racial and ethnic minorities that work in agricultural and urban sectors. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?At least 5 members of the APMC have actively participated in the Western Region work group onPesticide Risk Reduction through Professional Development, led by Paul Jepson ofOregon State University and funded through a USDA-SARE grant. This includes monthly conference calls which are focused on topics such as understanding risk assessments, how to evaluate levels of pesticide risk and hazard based on tools and standards in the literature, and how to integrate effective communication about pesticide risk into Extension programs. Five of us participated in a face to face workshop held in Portland, OR in May 2018, following the WERA 1017 meeting (see below); this was a follow up to a successful workshop held July 2017 in Irvine, CA. At both of those workshops, Arizona participants (Gouge, Ellsworth, Fournier, Wierda and Pier) gave presentations or worked in groups to develop pesticide risk case studies. Through these interactions, we have all learned a great deal about pesticide risk and hazards and how to improve Extension IPM communications and publications to better reduce risks from the most hazardous of pesticides. The WERA-1017, Western Region IPM Coordinators group offers professional development through annual meetings, including agricultural IPM tours, and presentations as well as IPM updates from all western state IPM coordinators and substantive discussion. This year, Ellsworth, Fournier, Gouge, Pier and Wierda participated at the meeting in Oregon in May. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Workshops, field days, demonstrations, cooperative extension meetings, educational presentations, websites, webinars, smart phone updates, newspaper articles, videos, IPM guidelines, newsletters, trade publications, extension publications, reports, stakeholder dialog sessions, needs assessments, crop pest losses surveys, informal discussion groups, one-on-one consultations, scientific publications, presentations and symposia. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?As this report is coming 9 months into Year 1 of our EIP funding, our continued activities over the summer will ensure that we meet the commitments outlined in our Project Initiation document. In some cases, specific commitments have been met or exceeded (e.g., our School IPM team already has delivered 3 demonstration workshops and 3 Extension publications). More importantly, our efforts remain focused on improving knowledge and adoption of IPM, as well as measuring these changes and the impacts of IPM implementation (environmental, economic and human health). We provide a brief list of planned activities for the coming year, by Priority Area. IPM Implementation for Specialty Crops We will continue to deliver timely information to support IPM adoption and reduced risk management of insects, weeds and diseases of high-value vegetable crops, in biweekly Vegetable IPM Updates; conduct one or more additional IPM demonstration / workshops, provide CEUs for professional training of pest managers, and additional Extension publications, presentations, and stakeholder dialog meetings and interactions. IPM Implementation for Agronomic Crops We will implement demonstration trials this fall at the Maricopa Agricultural Center and others throughout the year at various grower field locations statewide. We will deliver training and CEUs for pest managers at 9 or more Extension meetings annually, and present results at 2 major statewide industry conferences (typically in March and May). We will deliver 3 new Extension publications, which may include updated pest management guidelines for Lygus and whitefly. Major themes in our trainings include resistance management, conservation of natural enemies and selective insect pest management, and documenting economic and environmental impacts of our cotton IPM program. IPM Training and Implementation in Schools We will continue our School IPM Inside and Out implementation program in 8 schools, including annual needs evaluations of IPM in participating schools in Dec 2018. We have already completed 6 demonstration workshops this term (committed to 3) to extend program outcomes to neighboring school district personnel, pest management professionals, turf and landscape managers and pesticide applicators. We are planning a School IPM Workshop for Fall 2018. We will respond as needed to priority pest issues in school districts; we anticipate more calls now that the warm weather is here. We are on track with Extension publications and newsletters and will continue to meet or exceed commitments in those categories. IPM Training for Pesticide Applicators We will continue informal needs assessment to inform training priorities and program planning for all priority areas to broadly address the IPM education needs of pesticide applicators. We will deliver IPM education for pesticide applicators, growers and PCAs at Cooperative Extension trainings, workshops and field days in collaboration with IPM teams, and develop and disseminate technical resources and training materials at meetings, online and via mobile technologies. Products will focus on the relationship between IPM and pesticide safety and target all types and categories of applicators.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? IPM Implementation for Specialty Crops Our Vegetable IPM Updates, sent out biweekly via smart phone and web, have over 900 followers and are routinely picked up in the ag press. Timely IPM tips, pest management guidelines for key insect, weed and disease pests, data updates from areawide pest sampling, educational videos and more are featured. Two surveys of pest managers and growers representing the majority of vegetable production acres in 2015 and 2016 revealed high levels of IPM adoption and economic benefits. In 2015, 80% of surveyed growers & pest managers adopted reduced-risk pest management practices because of timely research & information from our Vegetable IPM program, with reported increased yields and fewer toxic pesticides used. 83% of respondents reported increased yields and 80% reported decreased use of broad-spectrum chemistries as a result our team's IPM outreach. In 2016, 70% of surveyed growers & pest managers reported that outreach from our Vegetable IPM Team helped them avoid economic losses from insects, weeds and diseases. Most growers saved $60 - $189 / acre on insect management alone, or $480,000 - $1,512,000 in annual savings for a typical grower. IPM Implementation for Agronomic Crops The Arizona Cotton IPM program reduced environmental and human health risks by preventing >21 million pounds of insecticide active ingredient from reaching the environment (since 1996). Cotton growers reduced broadly toxic insecticides by 92% and all insecticides by 82%, comparing 2006-2014 to 1991-1995 levels. On average, about 20% of cotton acres are never sprayed for insect pests. The Arizona Cotton IPM program has saved growers more than $542 mil since 1996, based on fewer sprays and improved yields. Research on brown stink bug control in cotton showed thatnot sprayingfor this insect increased economic returns for growers.After outreach, growers reduced sprays from 39% of acres to 3% of acres, saving over $8 million in just 1 year. In a multi-crop whitefly resistance management project funded in part by an ARDP grant (Ellsworth et al. 2014), we developed and deployed in our Extension programs "Chemical Use Maps." The maps showed the relative use of six different modes of action for whitefly management and stimulated and enabled proactive resistance management practices. 75% of Extension program participants said the maps woulddefinitelyorlikelyinfluence their insecticide choices. IPM Training and Implementation in Schools Presented here are human health outcomes of our Community IPM Team which are recent, though not directly limited to school environments. West Nile Virus can be deadly. Arizona has among the highest incidents of this mosquito-transmitted virus. In 2017, 109 confirmed cases resulted in 8 deaths. A University-County agency (Phoenix metro area) collaboration prompted control of 8 mosquito populations carrying the virus, reducing disease risk. ~100 Arizona residents die yearly due to asthma, and 615,000 are afflicted. Bed bugs & cockroach allergens can trigger asthma attacks. Low-income elderly housing residents are particularly vulnerable. Our Community IPM team reduced cockroaches by 87% and bed bugs by 93% on average across 5 Phoenix public housing sites for elderly & disabled. IPM Training for Pesticide Applicators Our Pesticide Safety Education Program, now into its fourth year with a dedicated Assistant in Extension and program coordinator, Dr. Mike Wierda, has reached maturity. Mike brings every day interest and relevance through his engaging teaching style and has worked effectively with our IPM Team members across all Priority Areas to integrate IPM training into PSEP, and pesticide safety topics into IPM programs. IPM Assessment The Crop Pest Losses and Impact Assessments, supported in part through a Signature Program of the Western IPM Center, explicitly engage stakeholders so that they can establish the current state or condition of their industry, including yield losses to pests, pesticide use, and economic outcomes. While these data are most useful in measuring the economics of IPM, there are opportunities to infer progress in environmental and human health safety as well. Only through routine measurement systems will IPM programs be able to live up to the challenge of the IPM Roadmap. This signature program provides tested, reliable metrics to document the impacts of IPM. Cotton Pest Losses workshops. Locally in Arizona and Blythe CA, we held 4 Cotton Pest Losses workshops attended by 29 PCAs; 34 surveys were completed (a new record, 5 submitted by email or mail), representing 64.9% of cotton acres in Arizona (plus some CA acres). 4 AZ and CA CEUs were provided to 34 participants. Lettuce Pest Losses. Implemented in Yuma, AZ, 5/15/18 in paper format. 25 responses (a few more yet to come in), covered a total of 77,900 acres of lettuce. Unlike previous years, participants included pest control advisors (PCAs) exclusively from Imperial Valley of California, and 1 PCA from Maricopa County, Arizona, so the estimates reflect a much broader area than just Yuma/Bard this year. 4 AZ and CA CEUsand 3 Certified Crop Advisor CEUs were provided to 50 participants. Arizona Cotton IPM: International Impacts The Arizona Cotton IPM program, focused on targeted use of selective insecticides for key pests to enhance conservation biological control has been adopted in the Mexicali region of Mexico, an area with over 210,930 ha. of agriculture and about 30,000 ha of cotton. Over 1 million people populate the region, where rural towns and villages are interspersed with agriculture, and about 15,177 are working directly in agriculture. Cotton is a major feature of the agroecosystem of the Mexicali Valley region and has often been subject to the most broadly toxic pesticide use in the region. Since a 2012 Border IPM grant funded by EPA, Peter Ellsworth has maintained an ongoing relationship with growers and "technicos" (professional pest managers) in the region, and through ongoing Extension efforts has seen widescale adoption of selective insecticides, sampling and thresholds for key pests, including whiteflies and Lygus. Initial results comparing previous practices in 2011 to IPM program results in 2012 included an average yield increase of 17% and a 34% reduction in control costs for one major operation, which saved $45/ha. We estimate that we helped growers save >$1.6M in 2012 alone, with more savings accruing and accelerating in 2013, with large reductions in numbers of sprays and in use of broadly toxic insecticides. In a recent informal interview, a key Mexican contact for the project reflected on the change in pest management culture there, when asked about potential resistance to using an IPM approach for an endemic but increasingly problematic mealybug pest (paraphrased below). "This is exactly what they said prior to 2010 when the entire industry was using generic, "cheap", broad spectrum insecticides here for the control of all insects, including whiteflies and Lygus. No one thought they would ever do the things needed. We had you [Ellsworth] come here and teach them about the proper IPM for our situation, and now there is no one that does not follow the whitefly and Lygus IPM you helped them with here. Everyone knows about and uses the selective materials they did not know about or thought were too expensive previously. They know about sampling both Lygus and whiteflies and about the proper thresholds, and the important role that 'benéficos' play. They will learn again now that mealybug management requires a complete IPM plan. It will take some time, but they will learn it and implement it; they have to." These comments demonstrate the transferability and resiliency of some of our IPM approaches in cotton and provide evidence of widespread adoption.

Publications

  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Fournier A.J., P.C. Ellsworth, W.A. Dixon II. 2017. Prometryn Use in Arizona Crops. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Prometryn_Use_AZ.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Fournier A.J., P.C. Ellsworth. 2017. Imidacloprid, EPA Docket ID: EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0844. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Imidacloprid_Nov13_2017.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Peterson, J., P.C. Ellsworth, A. Mostafa. 2016. Section 18 Application: Transform WG Insecticide to control for sorghum in Arizona. Arizona Section 18 Specific Exemption Request of the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Approved, 22 September  30 November 2016. Streamlined renewals, 15 May  30 November 2017; 15 May  30 November 2018. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Transform_Sorghum_Arizona_9-14-16.pdf
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Correll, J.C., Feng, C., Matheron, M.E., Porchas, M., and Koike, S.T. 2017. Evaluation of spinach varieties for downy mildew resistance, 2017. Plant Disease Management Reports 11: V122.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Matheron, M.E., Correll, J.C., Porchas, M., and Feng, C. 2017. Assessment of fungicides for managing downy mildew of spinach, 2017. Plant Disease Management Reports 11: V121.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Matheron, M.E., Pryor, B.M., and Porchas, M. 2017. Evaluation of conventional fungicides and biofungicides for managing Fusarium wilt of lettuce, 2016. Plant Disease Management Reports 11: V123.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Matheron, M.E., Pryor, B.M., and Porchas, M. 2017. Evaluation of lettuce varieties for resistance to Fusarium wilt, 2016. Plant Disease Management Reports 11: V124.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Matheron, M.E., and Porchas, M. 2018. Effectiveness of fungicides for managing downy mildew of lettuce, 2017. Plant Disease Management Reports, 12: V003.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Matheron, M.E., and Porchas, M. 2018. Comparison of fungicides for managing powdery mildew of muskmelon, 2017. Plant Disease Management Reports 12: V046.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Matheron, M.E., and Porchas, M. 2018. Evaluation of fungicides for managing Sclerotinia lettuce drop, 2017. Plant Disease Management Reports, 12: V004.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Matheron, M.E., and Porchas, M. 2018. Assessment of fungicides for managing powdery mildew of lettuce, 2017. Plant Disease Management Reports, 12: V002.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Carriere, Y., Degain, B., Liesner, L., Dutilleul, P. and Palumbo, J.C. 2017. Validation of a Landscape-Based Model for Whitefly Spread of the Cucurbit Yellow Stunting Disorder Virus to Fall Melons. J. Econ. Entomol. 2017 Oct. 1. 110(5):2002-2009. doi: 10.1093/jee/tox213.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Castle, S.J., Palumbo, J.P. and Merten, P. 2017. Field evaluation of Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus transmission by Bemisia tabaci. Virus Res. 2017 Sep 15; 241: 220-227. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.03.017. Epub 2017 Mar 23.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Reed, D.A., Ganjisaffar, F., Palumbo, J.C. and Perring, T.M. 2017. Effects of Temperatures on Immature Development and Survival of the Invasive Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). J Econ Entomol. 2017 Dec 5; 110(6): 2497-2503. doi: 10.1093/jee/tox289.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Castle, S., Palumbo, J. Merten, P., Cowden, C. and Prabhaker, N. 2017. Effects of foliar and systemic insecticides on whitefly transmission and incidence of Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus. Pest Manag Sci. 2017 Jul;73(7):1462-1472. doi: 10.1002/ps.4478. Epub 2017 Feb 7.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2018 Citation: Anderson, J.A., Ellsworth, P.C., Faria, J.C., Head, G.P., Owen, M.D.K., Pilcher, C.D., Shelton, A.M., Meissle, M. 2018. Genetically engineered crops need to be part of a diversified integrated pest management plan for improved durability and sustainability of agricultural systems. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology (submitted).
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Ellsworth, P.C., A.J. Fournier, G. Frisvold, S.E. Naranjo. 2017. Chronicling the Socio-economic Impact of Integrating Biological Control, Technology, and Knowledge over 25 Years of IPM in Arizona. Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Biological Control of Arthropods. P.G. Mason, D.R. Gillespie and C. Vincent, eds. CABI, Langkawi, Malaysia. September 1115, 2017. pp. 214216. http://www.isbca-2017.org/download/ISBCA-Proceedings.web.pdf
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Farrar, James J, Peter C Ellsworth, Rebecca Sisco, Matthew E Baur, Amanda Crump, Al J Fournier, M Katie Murray, Paul C Jepson, Cathy M Tarutani, Keith W Dorschner; Assessing Compatibility of a Pesticide in an IPM Program, Journal of Integrated Pest Management, Volume 9, Issue 1, 1 January 2018, 3, https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmx032
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2017 Citation: Gouge D.H., S. Li, S. Nair. 2017. Integrated Pest Management: Simple Solution to Wicked Problem Pests in Elderly and Disabled Public Housing. Award Publication Abstract. Journal of Integrated Pest Management. (accepted).
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Horowitz, A. Rami, P.C. Ellsworth, R. Mensah and I. Ishaaya. 2018. Integrated Management of Whiteflies in Cotton. In Cotton and Other Fibre Crops, Eds. M.S. Chauhan & R.S. Sangwan. Cotton Research and Development Association, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar  125 004, India, pp. 155168, http://crdaindia.com/downloads/files/n5aa773bae6cab.pdf
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Kou F., H. Li S. Li, H. Xun, Y. Zhang Z. Sun X. Zhou, W. Cai. 2017. Temporaltranscriptomic profiling of the ant-feeding assassin bug Acanthaspis cincticrus reveals a biased expression of genes associated with predation in nymphs. Scientific Reports. Vol. 7 No. 1 doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-12978-0 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-12978-0
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Naranjo S.E., P.C. Ellsworth. 2017. Methodology for Developing Life Tables for Sessile Insects in the Field Using the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci in Cotton As a Model System. Journal of Visualized Experiments. Vol. 129 No. e56150 doi: 10.3791/56150 https://www.jove.com/video/56150/methodology-for-developing-life-tables-for-sessile-insects-field
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2018 Citation: Vandervoet, T.F., P.C. Ellsworth, Y. Carriere, S.E. Naranjo. 2018. Quantifying conservation biological control for management of Bemisia tabaci in cotton. J. Econ. Entomol. (accepted, 2-7-18) https://academic.oup.com/jee/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/jee/toy049/4932785
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Fournier A. J., A. Crump, P. C. Ellsworth, J. Farrar. 2017. Pesticide use data informs regulatory policies. Managing Pesticide Use and Use Data Symposium American Chemical Society Meeting, Washington, DC. 8/21/17.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Halbleib, M., P. Jepson, N. McRoberts, A.J. Fournier. 2018. Novel Approaches to IPM Extension: Transferring Learning across Contexts. 9th International IPM Symposium, Baltimore, MD. March 22, 2018. (Symposium)
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Fournier A. J., J. Farrar, P. C. Ellsworth. 2017. Pesticide Use Data to Evaluate the Impact of Integrated Pest Management Programs in Arizona and California. Managing Pesticide Use and Use Data Symposium American Chemical Society Meeting, Washington, DC. 8/21/17.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Ellsworth P.C., A.J. Fournier, G. Frisvold, S.E. Naranjo. 2017. Chronicling the Socioeconomic Impact of Integrating Biological Control Technology and Knowledge over 25 Years of IPM in Arizona. Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences International, Langkawi Malaysia. 9/11/17 https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/presentations/2017/17ISBGMOGuadalajaravF1uplo.pdf
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Crump, A., M. Halbleib, J.J. Dubois, A.J. Fournier, J. Hurley, N. McRoberts, M. Baur, H. Bolton, T. Martin, Y. Liu, S. Ratcliffe, P. Mitchell, D.S. Carley. 2018. Path to Success: Evaluating IPM Programs from Planning to Data to Impact Statements. 9th International IPM Symposium, Baltimore, MD. March 20, 2018. (Invited Workshop)
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Pier, N., A. Fournier, J. Palumbo, Y. Carri�re, W. Dixon, L. Brown, S. J. Castle, N. Prabhaker, P.C. Ellsworth. 2018. Adoption of proactive resistance management practices to control Bemisia tabaci in Arizona and California. Poster presented at the 9th International IPM Symposium, Baltimore, Maryland, March 19-22, 2018. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/presentations/2018/IPM_Symposium_Poster_vFinal.pdf
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Nair, S. Welcome and Opening Remarks Symposium: School IPM: Sinking Ship Or soaring Success a Discussion. 9th International IPM Symposium, Baltimore, MD. March 21, 2018. (Symposium)
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Nair, S., Green, T., Gouge, D. H., Umeda, K., Fournier, A. J., Li, S., Schuch, U.K. and Kopec, D. 2018. Recognizing Excellence in School Integrated Pest Management. 9th International IPM Symposium, Baltimore, Maryland. March 19-22, 2018. (poster)
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Li, S. and Romero, A. Insecticide Resistance in Bed Bugs. NEHA Enhancing Environmental Health Knowledge (EEK): Vectors and Public Health Pests Virtual Conference, May 15-16, 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Gouge, D.H., Li, S. and Nair, S. 2018. Integrated Pest Management  A Simple Solution to Wicked Problem Pests in Elderly and Disabled Public Housing. 2018. 9th International IPM Symposium, Baltimore, Maryland. March 19-22, 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Li, S., Gouge, D.H., Nair, S. and Fournier, A. Implementation of Integrated Pest Management in Elderly/Disabled Public Housing Facilities. CALS Poster Forum. Agricultural and Life Science Research, University of Arizona. Tucson, AZ. March 23, 2018. (poster)
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Nair, S., T.A. Green, D.H. Gouge, K. Umeda, A.J. Fournier, S. Li, U.K. Schuch, D.M. Kopec. Encouraging Schools to Practice Integrated Pest Management. ESA International Branch 1st Virtual Symposium, April 16, 2018. (poster)
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Nair, S. Li, S. and Gouge, D.H. 2018. Communicating about bed bugs to diverse audiences using diverse tools. NEHA Enhancing Environmental Health Knowledge (EEK): Vectors and Public Health Pests Virtual Conference, May 15-16, 2018.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Li, S., Gouge, D.H., Nair, S. and Fournier, A. Implementation of Integrated Pest Management in Elderly/Disabled Public Housing Facilities. Poster presentation. NEHA Enhancing Environmental Health Knowledge (EEK): Vectors and Public Health Pests Virtual Conference, May 15-16, 2018. (poster)
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Nair, S., Shaum, K., Bierer, S. Round Tailed ground Squirrels: Do We Need to manage Them and How. NEHA Enhancing Environmental Health Knowledge (EEK): Vectors and Public Health Pests Virtual Conference, May 15-16, 2018. (poster)
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Arizona Pest Management Center (APMC). 2018. National Institute of Food and Agricultures Crop Protection and Pest Management Program Saves Lives, Dollars & the Environment in Arizona. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/AZPM_Impacts_vf.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Gouge D.H., S. Li, C. Bibbs, S. Nair. 2018. Scorpions of the Desert Southwest United States. Extension Publication. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Publication no. AZ1768 https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1768-2018.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Gouge D.H., S. Li, S. Nair, K.R. Walker, C. Bibbs. 2018. Mosquito and Tick Repellents. Extension Publication. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Publication no. AZ1761 https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1761-2018.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Hu J.(Alex). 2018. Cotton Stem Blight and Boll Rot. Extension Bulletin. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Publication no. AZ1770 https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1770-2018.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Li S., D.H. Gouge, S. Nair, A.J. Fournier, U.K. Schuch, K. Umeda, D.M. Kopec, M.R. Wierda. 2018. IPM for Microorganisms: Cleaning Disinfecting and Sanitizing. IPM Newsletter, January 2018. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/2018JanuaryAZschoolandhomeIPMNewletter.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Li S., D.H. Gouge, S. Nair, A.J. Fournier, U.K. Schuch, K. Umeda, D.M. Kopec, M.R. Wierda. 2018. School Preparation Guidance for Summer Management Teams. IPM Newsletter, May 2018. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/2018MayAZschoolandhomeIPMNewletter.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Li S., D.H. Gouge, S. Nair, A.J. Fournier, U.K. Schuch, K. Umeda, D.M. Kopec, M.R. Wierda. 2018. Spring Preemergence Weed Control in Lawns. IPM Newsletter, March 2018. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/2018MarchAZschoolandhomeIPMNewletter.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Li S., D.H. Gouge, S. Nair, A.J. Fournier, U.K. Schuch, K. Umeda, D.M. Kopec, M.R. Wierda. 2018. IPM for Microorganisms  Focus on Flu Part 2. IPM Newsletter, February 2018. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/2018FebruaryAZschoolandhomeIPMNewletter.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Li S., D.H. Gouge, S. Nair, A.J. Fournier, U.K. Schuch, K. Umeda, D.M. Kopec, M.R. Wierda, M.R. Wierda. 2017. Increase in Rabies Cases in Animals School and Home Integrated Pest Management. IPM Newsletter, September 2017. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/2017SeptemberAZschoolandhomeIPMNewletter.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Palumbo J.C. 2017. Insecticide Modes of Action on Desert Vegetable Crops. Arizona Vegetable IPM Updates. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Vol. 9 No. 6. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/vegetables/advisories/docs/180321_insecticide_moa_groups_vegetables_2018.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Palumbo J.C. 2018. Aphid Management in Desert Produce Crops, 2018. Arizona Vegetable IPM Updates. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Vol. 9 No. 1. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/vegetables/advisories/docs/180110_aphid_control_chart_2018.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Palumbo J.C. 2017. Corn Earworm Management on Desert Produce. Arizona Vegetable IPM Updates. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Vol. 8 No. 21. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/vegetables/advisories/docs/171101%20CEW%20%20Management%20on%20Desert%20Produce_2017.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Wierda M.R., D.H. Gouge. 2017. Tick & Flea Collars Integrated Pest Management and Your Safety. Extension IPM Short. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/cotton/files/17Flea_Collar_short.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Palumbo J.C. 2017. Bagrada Bug Management Tips, 2017. Arizona Vegetable IPM Updates. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Vol. 8 No. 17. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/vegetables/advisories/docs/170920%20Bagrada%20Bug%20Management%20Tips_VegIPMUpdate_Fall%202017.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Palumbo J.C. 2017. Guidelines for Diamondback Moth Management in Fall Cole Crops. Arizona Vegetable IPM Updates. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Vol. 8 No. 18. https://cals.arizona.edu/crops/vegetables/advisories/docs/170906%20Guidelines%20for%20Diamondback%20Moth%20Management%20in%20Desert%20Cole%20Crops.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Walker K.R., H. Yaglom, D.H. Gouge, M. Brophy, M. Casal, O. Encinas. 2018. The Brown Dog Tick and Epidemic Rocky Mountain spotted fever in Arizona and northwestern Mexico. Extension Bulletin. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. Publication no. AZ1769 https://extension.arizona.edu/sites/extension.arizona.edu/files/pubs/az1769-2018.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Fournier A.J., D. Kopec, P.C. Ellsworth. 2017. Ethephon Use on Arizona & California Golf Courses: Comments on EPA Proposed Interim Decision, Case no. 0382. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/APMC_Ethephon-Golf-Turf_AZ-CA_vf.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Fournier A.J., P.C. Ellsworth, R. Norton, W.A. Dixon II. 2017. Mepiquat Chloride and Mepiquat Pentaborate Use in Arizona. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Mepiquat_Arizona_Cotton_vf.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Fournier A.J., P.C. Ellsworth, W.A. Dixon II. 2017. Oxamyl Use in Arizona and New Mexico Crops. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Oxamyl_Use_AZ_NM_vf.pdf
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Fournier A.J., P.C. Ellsworth, W. McCloskey, W.A. Dixon II. 2017. Pendimethalin Use in Arizona and New Mexico Crops. University of Arizona, Arizona Pest Management Center. https://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Pendimethalin_Use_AZ_NM_vf.pdf